Ch. 60

Question 1

What is the amount of genetic variation that occurs within and between species population called?

Answer 1

Genetic diversity

Question 2

What is the number of abundance of species in a community called?

Answer 2

Species richness or species diversity

Question 3

What is the diversity of a structure and function within an ecosystem called?

Answer 3

Ecosystem diversity

Question 4

What is a species in danger of extinction in all or significant parts of their range classified as?

Answer 4

Endangered species

Question 5

What is a species that is likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future called?

Answer 5

Threatened species

Question 6

Who relies on the benefits of ecosystem services and diversity?

Answer 6

Humans

Question 7

What economic field relies upon wild species for pollination and pest control services?

Answer 7

Agriculture

Question 8

What is the hypothesis where species rich communities are more stable than those with fewer species?

Answer 8

Diversity-stability hypothesis

Question 9

What is the hypothesis where most species are redundant, not increasing ecosystem function past a certain level of diversity?

Answer 9

Redundancy hypothesis

Question 10

What is the hypothesis where ecosystem function plummets as soon as biodiversity declines from its natural levels?

Answer 10

Keystone hypothesis

Question 11

What is the hypothesis where ecosystem changes unpredictably as the number of species changes?

Answer 11

Idiosyncratic hypothesis

Question 12

What does the Diversity-Stability hypothesis graph look like?

Answer 12

Positive linear

Question 13

What does the redundancy hypothesis look like?

Answer 13

Logarithmic, steep rise then stabilizing

Question 14

What does the keystone hypothesis graph look like?

Answer 14

Exponential, slow rise then steep upwards

Question 15

What does the idiosyncratic hypothesis graph look like?

Answer 15

Fluctuates up and down with species diversity

Question 16

For the graphs what are the x and y axis?

Answer 16

x = species richness
y = ecosystem function

Question 17

What was determined by field experiments on ecosystem function?

Answer 17

• more diverse = more productive
• invasive plants decreased with increased species richness
• arthropod species richness increased

Question 18

What is a country with a high level of biodiversity referred to as?

Answer 18

Megadiversity

Question 19

What are a species fund only in a particular place and no where else?

Answer 19

Endemic species

Question 20

What are biologically diverse and threatened areas with 1500 endemic vascular plant species losing 70% of habitat?

Answer 20

Hotspots

Question 21

What types of habitat conserves some of every habitat instead of just species-diverse ones?

Answer 21

Representative habitats

Question 22

What supporters protect areas with the least human impacts?

Answer 22

Last of the wild

Question 23

What is the debate between several small reserves vs one large reserve?

Answer 23

Single large or several small (SLOSS)

Question 24

What types of preserves are preferred?

Answer 24

large, several large, linked, and round areas

Question 25

What is a species who success reflects the overall health of a population of its home ecosystem?

Answer 25

Indicator species

Question 26

What are species that by protecting them it protects many other species?

Answer 26

Umbrella species

Question 27

What are species where they are single large or identifiable species?

Answer 27

Flagship species

Question 28

What is a species within a community that has a special role?

Answer 28

Keystone species

Question 29

What is the process of breeding animals in a controlled environment to then release them and insure the success of the species?

Answer 29

Captive breeding

Question 30

What is the process of producing a somatic cella with complete DNA for a species to ensure species success?

Answer 30

Cloning