Ch. 33 Flashcards
What are multicellular heterotrophs with mobility and sexual reproduction?
Animals
What is unique about animal chracteristics?
-No cell walls
-Extracellullar matrix
-Cell junctions for communication
What type of feeding involves the filtering of particles from surrounding water?
Suspension feeding
What type of feeding involves eating large food pieces?
Bulk feeding
What type of feeding involves sucking sap or animal body fluids?
Fluid feeding
What tissues are unique to animals?
Muscle and nervous
Most animals are capable of some kind of ______
Locomotion
What coordinates animal movement?
Nervous system
Nearly all animals reproduce ______
Sexually
What type of fertilization is common in terrestrial species?
Internal fertilization
What type of fertilization is common in aquatic species?
External fertilization
What is the developmental phenomenon in which animal changes from a juvenile to an adult form?
Metamorphosis
Most biologists classify the animal kingdom as a _______ group
Monophyletic
How many animal phyla are there?
35
What are different types of tissue between external and internal layers called?
Germ layers
What is the closest living relative of all animals?
Choanoflagellates
Choanoflagellates are similar to
Choanocytes on sponges
Choanoflagellates have a _______ flagellum surrounded by a collar of cytoplasmic tentacles
Single
The traditional classifications based on body plans are?
-Body symmetry
-Number of germ layers
-specific features of embryonic development
*molecular data
Eumetazoa is divided by
Symmetry
Radiata has what kind of symmetry?
Radial
Which symmetry often displays a circular or tubular shape with a mouth at one end?
Radial
Bilateria has what kind of symmetry?
Bilateral
What symmetry has chephalization (dorsal and ventral sides) and anterior and posterior ends?
Bilateria
Radiata have how many germ layers?
Diploblastic (2)
Bilateria have how many germ layers?
Triploblastic (3)
When do cellular layers develop?
Gastrulation
What is the 3rd germ layer in bilateral animals?
Mesoderm
The mesoderm forms what in bilateral animals?
Muscles and most organs
What is has a blastopore becomes a mouth, cleavage is determinant, and has spiral cleavage?
Protostome
What has a blastopore that becomes an anus, cleavage is indeterminate, and radial cleavage?
Deuterostome
What is body segmentation called?
Coelom
What is a coelom?
Fluid filled cavity
What body cavity is completely lined with mesoderm?
Coelmate
What body cavity is partially lined with mesoderm?
Pseudocoelomate
What organisms lack a body cavity and have a mesenchyme?
Acoelomate
What are the functions of a coelom?
-cushions internal organs
-hydrostatic skeleton: fluid pushes from one part of the body to the other acting as contractions
-fluid acts as a simple circulatory system
What organisms molt and shed an exoskeleton that must be regrown?
Ecydszoa
What organisms having feeding tentacles (lophophores) and a band of cilia for swimming (trochophore larva)
Lophotrochozoa
Who is included in ecydysozoa?
Nematodes and arthropods
Who is included in lophotrochozoa?
Mollusks and annelids
