CH 6 Long Term Memory Flashcards
Long term memory
The system that can hold large amounts of information for long periods of time.
Serial position curve
Plot of the percentage of words recalled against the position of that word in the list.
Recency effect
Enhance memory for words at the end of the list.
Coding
The form of which stimuli are represented in the mind. Visual, semantic, phonological forms.
Proactive interference
When information learned previously interferes with learning new information.
Release from proactive interference
A situation in which conditions occur that eliminate or reduce the decrease in performance caused by proactive interference.
Recognition memory
Identifying a stimulus that was encountered earlier. Two stimulus are presented and participants have to choose the one that was presented.
Hippocampus
A su cortisol structure that is important for forming long term memories, and also plays a role in remote episodic memories and in short term storage of novel information.
Auditory coding
Coding in the mind in the form of auditory sound.
Visual coding
Coding in the mind in the form of a visual image.
Semantic coding
Coding in the mind in terms of meaning m.
Auditory coding LTM
Remembering the exact words in a song.
Auditory coding short term
Remembering the sound of letters in a memory test. Not visually a
Semantic coding STM
Grouping words into categories rather then random is a form of semantic coding.
Mental time travel
According to Tulving, the defining property of the experience of episodic memory, in which a person revisits an experience in there mind.
Autobiographical memory
Memory for specific events from a person’s life, which can include both episodic and semantic components.
Personal semantic experience
Semantic components of autobiographical memories.
Remember/know procedure
Subjects are presented with a stimulus they have encountered before and are asked to indicate remember, or know if the stimulus seems familiar but they don’t remember the stimulus earlier.
Semanticization of remote memories
Loss of episodic details for memories of long-ago events.
Constructive episodic simulation hypothesis
The hypothesis proposed by Schacter and Addis that episodic memories are extracted and recombined to construct simulations of future events.
Explicit memory
Memory that involves conscious recollection of events of facts that we have learned in the past.
Implicit memories
Memories that occur when an experience affects a persons behaviour, even though the person is not aware that he or she has had the experience.
Procedural memories
Memory for how to carry out highly practiced skills. Procedural memory is a type of implicit memory because although people can carry out a task they cannot explain how to do it.
Expert-induced amnesia
Amnesia that occurs because well-learned procedural memories do not require attention.
Priming
A change in response to a stimulus caused by the previous presentation of the same or a similar stimulus.
Repetition priming
When an initial presentation of a stimulus affects the persons response to the same stimulus when it is presented later.
Propaganda effect
People are more likely to rate statements they have read or heard before as being true, just because of prior exposure to the statement.
Classical conditioning
- A neutral stimulus package hay initially does not result in a response and
- A conditioning stimulus that does result in a response ( Watson founds behaviourism)
Encoding
The process of acquiring information and transferring it into memory.
