CH 6: Conformity & Obedience

Question 1

What would western culture describe social influence as?

Answer 1

-Conformity

Question 2

What would eastern culture describe the same type of actions to fit into a group?

Answer 2

-Communal Sensitivity

Question 3

What is Acceptance?

Answer 3

-Truly believing in the group’s decisions

Question 4

What is Compliance?

Answer 4

-Conformity to publicly go along w/ the group while privately disagreeing
(pretending to go along with a group)

Question 5

What is the Autokinetic Phenomenon?

Answer 5

-The apparent motion of a stationary point in the dark

Question 6

What does coughing, laughing, & yawning in response to other have in common?

Answer 6

-They all signal Suggestibility

Question 7

Why does Conformity have negative connotation in western cultures?

Answer 7

-It is seen as giving into peer pressure & not reflecting the western individualistic culture

Question 8

What is Obedience?

Answer 8

-Acting in accord w/ a direct order

Question 9

What is Mass Hysteria?

Answer 9

-Suggestibility to problems that spread throughout a large group of people

Question 10

What is the Chameleon Effect?

Answer 10

-It explains that when working in groups people tend to share up & down moods and copy each other’s nonverbal actions (facial expressions)

Question 11

What is found about the Autokinetic Phenomenon & how long it persisted?

Answer 11

-It persisted through 5 generations

Question 12

What does Mimicry incline you to do?

Answer 12

-It inclines you to like the people who mirror your own behavior

Question 13

What do Mirror Neurons do?

Answer 13

• Mimic witnessed actions

- Automatically copy the behaviors we see in the world around us

Question 14

When does Copycat Suicide occur?

Answer 14

-When suicides increase after a highly publicized suicide

Question 15

What are the 3 characteristics of Mimicry?

Answer 15

• Increases liking
• More likley to be helpful
• Enhances social bonds

Question 16

What did Ach’s experiment assess?

Answer 16

-Whether individuals could overcome the urge to conform when perceiving the length of lines

Question 17

What percentage of the participants in Ach’s study didn’t confirm when the rest of the group have incorrect answers?

Answer 17

63%

Question 18

What were the 4 verbal prods used to make the “Teacher” continue the high voltage experiment?

Answer 18

• Please continue (go on)
• The experiment requires that you continue
• It is absolutely essential that you continue
• You have no other choice, you must go on

Question 19

What percentage of people DID conform to Ach’s experiment?

Answer 19

37%

Question 20

In milgrams shock experiment, what populations said that they would disobey by 135 volts?

Answer 20

• College students
• Psychiatrists
• Middle-Class adults

Question 21

When burger replicated Milgrams experiment in 2009. what percentage of people were still obeying?

Answer 21

70%= slight decrease than the previous 84%

67% obeyed to 150 volts

Question 22

What are the 4 factors that determined obedience in milgram’s shock experiment?

Answer 22

• Authority’s closeness & legitimacy
• Institutional respectability
• Disobedient fellow participant
• Victim’s emotional distance

Question 23

In milgram’s experiment, What percentage continued to obey when participants were forced to place their hand on the shock plate?

Answer 23

30%

Question 24

What happened to the obedience percentage when the milgram’s experimenter gave command shocks by telephone?

Answer 24

It dropped to 21%

Question 25

What should you do if you want a larger tip?

Answer 25

-Give a soft touch on the arm

Question 26

What percentage of participants liberated themselves when 2 confederates defied authority?

Answer 26

90%

Question 27

What are the 4 similarities between the studies of Asch and Milgram?

Answer 27

• Shows how compliance can take over moral sense
• Succeeding in pressuring people against their own conscience
• Sensitize us to moral conflicts in our lives
• Afirm the link between behavior + attitudes and the power of the situation

Question 28

What breeds acceptance from authority over time?

Answer 28

-Compliance

Question 29

What Is a fundamental lesson from the studies of Asch, Milgram & Sherif?

Answer 29

-That Sometimes good people can do terrible things

Question 30

When is Conformity highest in a group?

Answer 30

-When there’s atleast 3 group members

Question 31

When does the maximum conformity in a group occur?

Answer 31

-When there’s 3-5 group members

Question 32

When does the own-group conformity pressure occur?

Answer 32

-The more cohesive & unanimous a group is= the more power it gains over its members

Question 33

What are the 2 norms of social influence that explain why people conform?

Answer 33

-Normative & Informational

Question 34

What are the 3 predictors for higher rate of conformity within a group?

Answer 34

• Is unanimous/cohesive
• more than 3 people
• they are people of high status

Question 35

What are the 3 predictors for higher rate of conformity for an individual?

Answer 35

• Personality
• Social roles
• Culture

Question 36

What is Reactance?

Answer 36

• The motive to protect/restore one’s sense of freedom

- It arises when someone threatens our freedom of action

Question 37

What is Normative Influence?

Answer 37

• Conformity based on one’s desire to fulfill other’s expectations to gain acceptance
• The desire to be liked

Question 38

What is Informational Influence

Answer 38

• Conformity occurring when people accept evidence about reality provided by other people
• Our desire to be right

Question 39

When do people rebel?

Answer 39

-When social pressure threatens their sense of freedom & self-efficacy