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Social Psy 240 > CH 2: The Self in a Social World > Flashcards

CH 2: The Self in a Social World Flashcards

1
Q

What is the spotlight effect?

A

-Our belief that others are paying more attention to our behaviors than they really are

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2
Q

What is illusion of transparency?

A

-the illusion that our emotions can be easily read by others

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3
Q

What are 4 other examples between our sense of self & social worlds?

A
  • Social surroundings affect our self-awareness
  • Self-interest colors our social judgment
  • Self-concern motivates our social behavior
  • Social relationships help define our sense of self
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4
Q

What does our sense of Self do?

A
  • It organizes our thoughts, feelings, & actions

- It also allows us to remember our past, asses our present & project our future

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5
Q

What is Self-Concept?

A

-It is what we know & believe about ourselves

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6
Q

What part of the brain becomes more active when you think about yourself?

A

-The medial prefrontal cortex bc it stitches together your sense of self

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7
Q

What are Self-Schemas?

A

-They are more how you organize the world, figuring out who you are, has to do with your identity

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8
Q

What is Schadenfreude?

A

-It is the german term for defining the positive feelings we get when we see others fail

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9
Q

What is Individualism?

A
  • Giving priority to your own goals & identifying individually vs with a group
  • Valued in western cultures
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10
Q

What is Collectivism?

A
  • Giving priority to the goals of one’s own group & defining identity the same way
  • Valued in Eastern cultures
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11
Q

What is the Looking-Glass Self?

A

-It describes how we think others perceive us as a mirror perceiving ourselves

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12
Q

What matters most about self-concept?

A

-It is not how other people see us but actually the way we imagine they see us

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13
Q

What happens during adolescence?

A

-We achieve self-reliance, & we separate from our parents & have a clear definition of sense of self

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14
Q

What is Interdependent?

A

-It is creating your identity in relation to others

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15
Q

What is dependent?

A

-Creating your identity as an autonomous being

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16
Q

What culture promote a greater sense of belonging & more integration between oneself & others?

A

-Collectivist culture (eastern culture)

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17
Q

Why do people underestimate predictions in their activity goals?

A
  • Planning Fallacy
  • misremembering how long previous tasks took
  • Not being realistic
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18
Q

Children raised in which country are more adapt to express themselves through personal writing, choices purchases?

A

-United states

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19
Q

Where is the Interdependent Self embedded in?

A

-Social memberships

20
Q

What is Affective Forecasting?

A

-Mispredicting the intensity & duration of their emotions from a certain event (a break up)

21
Q

What is Impact Bias?

A
  • Overestimating the enduring impact of emotion-causing events
  • We are very prone to this type of bias after negative events
22
Q

What influences your general happiness after a sad event?

A
  • The event

- Everything else

23
Q

What is the Dual Attitude System?

A

-It describes the difference between implicit & explicit attitudes towards the same object

24
Q

What is the overall evaluation of ourselves?

A

-Our Self-Esteem

25
Q

What is Self-Esteem similar to and why?

A
  • Fuel gauge

- bc it alerts us to threatened social rejection, motivates us to self-improvement, motivates our greater sensitivity

26
Q

What is Terror Management Theory?

A

-It describes the need for humans to manage their fear of death

27
Q

What 3 things are included in Self-Esteem?

A
  • Self evaluation
  • Self schemas
  • Possible selves
28
Q

What kind of trouble did the people w/ low self-esteem have?

A
  • They had trouble escaping a tough childhood
  • Parents used drugs
  • Potential sex abuse
29
Q

What is Narcissism?

A

-Having an inflated sense of self

30
Q

What kind of behavior would a person w/ Narcissism demonstrate?

A
  • Anger if crossed
  • Aggression
  • Retaliation if crossed
  • Lack of empathy
31
Q

Who is the founding father of Self-Efficacy?

A

-Albert Bandura

32
Q

What is Self-Efficacy?

A
  • It helps us set challenging goals

- It also persists until achievement

33
Q

What is Self-Serving Bias?

A
  • It is the tendency to perceive yourself favorably

- Will take credit for positive events but blame other things/people for negative events

34
Q

What do Self-Serving Attributions from the self-serving bias contribute to?

A
  • Marital discord
  • Worker dissatisfaction
  • Bargaining impasses
35
Q

What is Unrealistic Optimism?

A

-Unrealistic optimism about future events

36
Q

What is Defensive Pessimism?

A
  • It is the dash of realism that can save us from unrealistic optimism
  • It anticipates problems & motivates effective coping
37
Q

What is False-Consensus Effect?

A

-Us finding support for our positions by overestimating how much people agree

38
Q

What are the 3 dimensions where people see themselves as better than the average person?

A
  • Subjective
  • Socially desirable
  • Common Dimensions
39
Q

What is False Uniqueness?

A

-Believing that our talents & moral behaviors are unusual

40
Q

What is Self-Handicapping?

A

-Protecting your self-image w/ behaviors that create a useful excuse for failure later on

41
Q

What is Self-Monitoring?

A

-Adjust your behavior in response to external situations

42
Q

What 3 things are affected when we engage in Self-Control?

A
  • Blood sugar

- Energy Reserves

43
Q

When will your stamina decrease?

A

-When people exert will-power in all areas of their day (eating veg instead of cake)

44
Q

What is Self-Presentation?

A

-The desire to present ourselves favorably to ourselves & to others

45
Q

What are the results of exerting self-control on some behavior?

A
  • Quit faster when given unreasonable puzzles
  • Have decreased Stamina
  • Become more aggressive
  • Become less restrained to sexual thoughts/ behavior

Social Psy 240 (12 decks)

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