CH. 10 Prejudice

Question 1

What is Prejudice?

Answer 1

• A preconceived judgment about a group & its individual members
• can be positive or negative

Question 2

What are Stereotypes?

Answer 2

• Beliefs/personal attitudes about a group of people
• They are overgeneralized/inaccurate
• Descriptive= How people do behave
• By-products of how we simplify our complex world

Question 3

What is the difference between Prejudice and Discrimination?

Answer 3

• Prejudice is negative attitude

- Discriminiation is negative behavior

Question 4

What is Racism?

Answer 4

• Individuals prejudicial attitudes about a certain race

- Or institutional practice that subordinate people of a given race

Question 5

What is Sexism?

Answer 5

• Individuals prejudicial attitudes about a certain sex

- Or institutional practice that subordinate people of a given sex

Question 6

What does it mean that both Racism and Sexism are institutional practices?

Answer 6

-It’s present even when there is no prejudicial intent

Question 7

What is the Dual Attitude System?

Answer 7

• That we have implicit & explicit attitudes toward the same target
• Conjured up via IAT Test

Question 8

What is every race like when looking at racial prejudice in the global context of it?

Answer 8

-A minority

Question 9

What are Gender Stereotypes?

Answer 9

-How men & women should behave

Question 10

What is the difference between Stereotypes and Prejudice?

Answer 10

• Stereotypes are beliefs

- Prejudice is attitudes

Question 11

What is biased when race does not bias perception?

Answer 11

-Reaction

Question 12

What are norms?

Answer 12

• Prescriptive

- Suggests how other people should behave

Question 13

What are the 2 conclusions of Gender Stereotypes?

Answer 13

• Strong gender types exist

- Members of the stereotyped group accept them

Question 14

What is the percentage of school students reporting harassment bc they’re gay?

Answer 14

80%

Question 15

What is the principle of social inequalities?

Answer 15

-Unequal status breeds prejudice

Question 16

What is Social Dominance Orientation?

Answer 16

• The motivation to have one’s group dominate other social groups
• View people in term’s of hierarchies

Question 17

What is Enthocintricity?

Answer 17

-Believing that your cultural group is better & the others suck

Question 18

What are the tendencies that Ethnocentric people share?

Answer 18

• Intolerance for weakness
• Punitive attitude
• Submissive respect for their group authorities

Question 19

What is Authoritarian Personality?

Answer 19

-Personality where you are predisposed to favor obedience to authority & intolerant to outgroups in lower status

Question 20

What influences children’s prejudices?

Answer 20

-Family, culture, & media images

Question 21

What are people with an authoritarian personality more likely to engage in?

Answer 21

-Prejudicial attitudes and stereotyping

Question 22

What is Scapegoating?

Answer 22

-When we are prevented from reaching a goal we become hostile so we display aggression when we can’t pinpoint the source

Question 23

What does a competition between 2 groups fuel?

Answer 23

• Prejudice & competition is the source of frustration when one group can’t reach their goal
• AKA Realistic Group Conflict Theory

Question 24

What are the sources of prejudice?

Answer 24

• Family socialization
• Family attitudes
• Family values

Question 25

What is Social Identity?

Answer 25

- The "We" aspect of our self-concept | - The answer of who am I comes also comes from our group memberships

Question 26

What do we do in part of Social Identity theory?

Answer 26

- We categorize= labeling other people - We identify=associating ourselves w/ certain groups= ingroups - We compare=We contrast our groups to out-groups and think we're better

Question 27

What includes a group definition of who you are?

Answer 27

- Gender - Marital status - Religion - Race

Question 28

What does being formed in groups promote?

Answer 28

-ingroup bias

Question 29

What is the need for status?

Answer 29

-Psychological benefit of prejudice that can come from authentic pride or derogating other groups

Question 30

What is Ingroup?

Answer 30

-A group do people who share a sense of belonging/feeling a common identity that inspires them to favor themselves

Question 31

What is an Outgroup?

Answer 31

-Large amount of people that perceive themselves as different/apart from the ingroup

Question 32

When is automatic prejudice reduced?

Answer 32

-When people's motivation is internal rather than external

Question 33

What is ingroup bias?

Answer 33

-Thinking your group is better than the outgroup

Question 34

What do we need to feel a sense of Superiority?

Answer 34

- Status - Belonging - Self-Regard

Question 35

What is Outgroup Homogeneity effect?

Answer 35

-Seeing outgroup members as similar instead of diverse

Question 36

Where does Prejudice and Stereotyped beliefs come from?

Answer 36

-They are a natural thinking process in most humans

Question 37

Why do we classify people into different groups?

Answer 37

- Speedy judgments - Simplifying - Predicting

Question 38

What is Own-race bias?

Answer 38

- The tendency to accurately identify people of their own race - AKA cross-race effect or other race effect

Question 39

When do we rely on stereotypes?

Answer 39

-When we're tired, pressed for time, and preoccupied

Question 40

When do we exhibit Group-serving bias?

Answer 40

-To justify to negative behavior or an individual within our ingroup

Question 41

What is the Just-World Phenomenon?

Answer 41

-The belief that the world is just and that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get

Question 42

What is the role of Prejudgments?

Answer 42

-They guide our memories and attention

Question 43

What is the basis for Prejudice?

Answer 43

-Prejudgements

Question 44

What is Subgrouping?

Answer 44

- A place for people who don't fit into the broader stereotype - Forming a subset of a larger group

Question 45

What is Subtyping?

Answer 45

-Seeing people who deviate away from stereotypes as exceptions=helps maintain the stereotype

Question 46

What are the 2 types of prejudice/effects of victimization?

Answer 46

- Blaming yourself | - Blaming external causes

Question 47

What is Own-race bias?

Answer 47

-Thinking that an outgroup looks similar when your group looks similar too

Question 48

What is Stereotype Threat?

Answer 48

-Self-confirming apprehension (disruptive concern) that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

Question 49

What do our own stereotypes bias?

Answer 49

-Our judgments

Question 50

How do we evaluate individuals vs the group they compose?

Answer 50

-We evaluate them more positively