ch 6 - cardiovascular system Flashcards
brady
slow
ech/o
using sound, ultrasound
end/o
inner
peri
surrounding
tachy
fast
angi/o
blood vessel
aort/o
aorta
arteri/o
artery
arteriol/o
smaller artery
ather/o
plaque
atri/o
small heart chamber
cardi/o
heart
carot/o, (Karoun)
plunge into sleep
coron/o
heart vessels
constrict/o
narrowing
cusp
point of a crescent, or where two arches meet
dilat/o
widening, enlargement
embol/o
embolus
emia
blood condition
fibr/o, fibril/o
fiber
furc/o
forking, branching
globin
protein
hem/o, hemat/o, heme
blood
isch/o
hold back
jugul/o
throat
lun/o
moon shaped
mitral
resembles a bishop’s mitre (hat)
ox/o, oxia
oxygen
palpit/o
throbbing, flutter
phleb/o
vein
rhythm/o
rhythm
semi
half
sept/o
partition
sphygm/o
pulse
steth/o
chest
suscitate
verb. to arouse, to excite, to call into life
ten/o
tension
thrombus
clot
valv/o, valvul/o
valve
vas/o
vessel
vascul/o
vessel
ventr/o, ventricul/o
ventricles of the heart
-ation
act of, process
-ia
condition
-iac
pertaining to
-ism
process, condition
-megaly
enlarge
-meter
meausre
-o/logist
specialist
-pathy
condition
-sclerosis
hardening
-sion, -tion
act of
BP
blood pressure
ECG/EKG
electrocardiogram
CAD
coronary artery disease
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
HBP
high blood pressure
agglutination
clumping together
albumin
the most abundant plasma protein
anastomosis
the union of parts or branches
angiocarditis
inflammation of the blood vessels of the heart
angiography
process of recording an x-ray picture of blood vessels
angioplasty
surgical repair or recanalization of a blood vessel
angiospasms
abnormally contraction of the blood vessels, primarily the arteries
apical
of, relating to, or situated at an apex. Apex of the heart
arrhythmia
any irregular heartbeat
arteriogram
x-ray record or picture of an artery
arteriography
process of recording an x-ray picture of arteries
arteriole
any of the small terminal twigs of an artery that ends in capillaries
arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
atherosclerosis
hardening of plaque
atrioventricular
of, relating to, or located between an atrium and ventricle of the heart
bicuspid valve
a heart valve with 2 leaves
bifurcation
to split into two parts
bradycardia
relatively slow heart action
cardiac
pertaining to the heart
cardiac arrest
sudden and complete stoppage of the heart
cardiologist
a physician who studied the heart
cardiomegaly
enlarged heart
cardiomyopathy
a group of disease that affect the heart muscle
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
the act of bringing someone back to life by using the heart and lungs
carotid
2 main arteries that ascend the neck
coagulation
the action or process of a liquid changing to a solid or semi-solid state
coronary
relating to or denoting the arteries that surround and supply the heart
coronary thrombosis
development of a blood clot in a coronary artery
diastole
the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood``
echocardiography
using ultrasound to view the function of the heart
electrocardiogram
a record or display of a person’s heartbeat
embolism
a clot that has travelled to a different location
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner layer of the heart wall
endocardium
the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves
erythrocyte
medical word for red blood cell
fibrillation
a muscular twitching involving individual muscle fibers acting without coordination
globulin
any of a group of simple proteins soluble in salt solutions and forming a large fraction of blood serum protein
hemoglobin
a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood
hypertension
high blood pressure
hypotension
low blood pressure
hypoxia
deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues
interventricular septum
the hard muscle wall between the two ventricles
ischemia
a deficiency of blood supply
jugular
2 main veins that descend the neck
mitral
a heart valve with two flaps
myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle
myocardium
the muscular tissue of the heart
occlusion
a blockage in a vessel, cavity, or passage of the body
palpitation
a noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation, exertion, or illness
pericarditis
inflammation of the sac around the heart
polyarteritis
inflammation of multiple blood vessels; inflammation of medium and small arteries
semilunar
looks similar to a half moon
sinoatrial node
a small body of specialized muscle tissue in the wall of the right atrium
sphygmomanometer
blood pressure cuff
stethoscope
instrument for listening to heart sounds, etc.
systole
the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries
tachycardia
a fast heart beat
thrombocyte
another term for platelet
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of a vein in the presence of blood clot formation
tricuspid
a heart valve with three flaps
valvoplasty
surgical repair of a heart valve
ventricle
a hollow part or cavity in an organ. a large chamber of the heart
vasoconstriction
narrowing of the diameter of a blood vessel
aneurysm
localized dilatation or ballooning of an artery at a weak point in the vessel wall
aneurysmectomy
surgical removal of an aneurysm
angina pectoris
severe pain and constriction around the heart; feeling of extreme pressure in the anterior chest
aortic stenosis
abnormal narrowing of the aorta
arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD)
heart disease caused by hardening of the arteries
atrioventricular defect
an abnormal opening between the atria and ventricles
blood pressure
the pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the arteries, the veins, and the chambers of the heart
bruits
abnormal blowing sounds or murmurs heard while listening to the blood flow through the arteries
bundle branch block (BBB)
interruption of the electrical impulse of the heart to the right, left, or both bundle branches
cardiac catheterization
an x-ray procedure during which a catheter is guided into the heart through a blood vessel for the purpose of injecting a contrast medium to view and image the heart chambers and coronary arteries; also called left heart catheterization or coronary arteriography
cardiac tamponade
compression of the heart due to the accumulation of blood in the pericardial sac
cardiology
study of the functions, structures, and disorders of the heart
cardioversion
restoration of a normal heart rhythm by delivering synchronized electric shocks through paddles placed on the chest
coarctation of the aorta
congenital condition characterized by the narrowing of a segment of the aorta
congestive heart failure (CHF)
heart condition characterized by impaired cardiac pumping resulting in failure of the ventricles to eject blood
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
surgical procedure that requires implanting a piece of vein onto the heart to bypass a blockage in a coronary artery and to improve blood flow to the heart; commonly called bypass surgery
coronary artery disease (CAD)
any abnormal condition of arteries of the heart
coronary occlusion
an obstruction of any one of the coronary arteries
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
presence of a blood clot in a deep vein
defibrillation
technique used to interrupt ventricular fibrillation and restore a normal heart rhythm by delivering electric shocks to specific areas around the heart
echocardiogram
graphic record of an ultrasound visualization of the heart
electrocardiography
process of recording the electrical activity of the heart
endarterectomy
surgical removal of the lining of an artery that is occluded due to fatty deposits
holter monitoring
process of recording and monitoring heart rate and rhythms over a specific period, usually 24 hours
hypertensive heart disease (HHD)
heart disease caused by long-term elevated or high blood pressure
mitral valve prolapse
protrusion of one or both of the flaps of the mitral valve into the left atrium
mitral valve stenosis
narrowing of the mitral valve due to scarring
myocardial infarction (MI)
death of heart muscle due to a lack of oxygen caused by an insufficient blood supply from the coronary arteries; heart attack
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT)
rapid atrial contractions that being and end suddenly, usually from 150 to 240 beats per minute
patent ductus arteriosus
congenital opening between the main pulmonary artery and the aorta
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
surgical repair of a coronary artery by inserting a balloon on the end of a catheter into the artery, inflating the balloon, flattening the fatty deposits on the arterial wall, and stretching or increasing the diameter of the artery; a stent (wire-mesh tube) may be placed in the artery to provide support to the arterial wall
pitting edema
abnormal swelling of the skin of the extremities that, when pressed firmly, maintains the depression or dimpling created by the pressure
premature atrial contraction (PAC)
irregular heart rhythm characterized by atrial contractions occurring before the expecting time
premature ventricular contraction (PVC)
ventricular contractions occurring before the expected time
rheumatic fever
a systemic disease characterized by fever, joint pain, carditis, and other manifestations, usually follows a streptococcal infection or scarlet fever
rheumatic heart disease (RHD)
a manifestation of rheumatic fever characterized by endocarditis that often results in damaged heart valves
thallium stress test
assessment of cardiovascular health and function during and after the application of stress
transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
process of viewing and recording the structures of the heart using ultrasound and placing the recording device into the esophagus
varicose veins
enlarged, twisted, and often dilated veins, most commonly found in the legs and esophagus
ventricular tachycardia
abnormally rapid heartbeat of the ventricles, usually between 150 and 200 beats per minute
