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Medical Terminology > ch 6 - cardiovascular system > Flashcards

ch 6 - cardiovascular system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

brady

A

slow

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2
Q

ech/o

A

using sound, ultrasound

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3
Q

end/o

A

inner

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4
Q

peri

A

surrounding

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5
Q

tachy

A

fast

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6
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

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7
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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8
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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9
Q

arteriol/o

A

smaller artery

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10
Q

ather/o

A

plaque

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11
Q

atri/o

A

small heart chamber

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12
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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13
Q

carot/o, (Karoun)

A

plunge into sleep

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14
Q

coron/o

A

heart vessels

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15
Q

constrict/o

A

narrowing

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16
Q

cusp

A

point of a crescent, or where two arches meet

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17
Q

dilat/o

A

widening, enlargement

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18
Q

embol/o

A

embolus

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19
Q

emia

A

blood condition

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20
Q

fibr/o, fibril/o

A

fiber

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21
Q

furc/o

A

forking, branching

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22
Q

globin

A

protein

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23
Q

hem/o, hemat/o, heme

A

blood

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24
Q

isch/o

A

hold back

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25
Q

jugul/o

A

throat

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26
Q

lun/o

A

moon shaped

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27
Q

mitral

A

resembles a bishop’s mitre (hat)

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28
Q

ox/o, oxia

A

oxygen

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29
Q

palpit/o

A

throbbing, flutter

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30
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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31
Q

rhythm/o

A

rhythm

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32
Q

semi

A

half

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33
Q

sept/o

A

partition

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34
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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35
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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36
Q

suscitate

A

verb. to arouse, to excite, to call into life

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37
Q

ten/o

A

tension

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38
Q

thrombus

A

clot

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39
Q

valv/o, valvul/o

A

valve

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40
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

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41
Q

vascul/o

A

vessel

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42
Q

ventr/o, ventricul/o

A

ventricles of the heart

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43
Q

-ation

A

act of, process

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44
Q

-ia

A

condition

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45
Q

-iac

A

pertaining to

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46
Q

-ism

A

process, condition

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47
Q

-megaly

A

enlarge

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48
Q

-meter

A

meausre

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49
Q

-o/logist

A

specialist

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50
Q

-pathy

A

condition

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51
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

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52
Q

-sion, -tion

A

act of

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53
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

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54
Q

ECG/EKG

A

electrocardiogram

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55
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

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56
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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57
Q

HBP

A

high blood pressure

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58
Q

agglutination

A

clumping together

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59
Q

albumin

A

the most abundant plasma protein

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60
Q

anastomosis

A

the union of parts or branches

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61
Q

angiocarditis

A

inflammation of the blood vessels of the heart

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62
Q

angiography

A

process of recording an x-ray picture of blood vessels

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63
Q

angioplasty

A

surgical repair or recanalization of a blood vessel

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64
Q

angiospasms

A

abnormally contraction of the blood vessels, primarily the arteries

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65
Q

apical

A

of, relating to, or situated at an apex. Apex of the heart

66
Q

arrhythmia

A

any irregular heartbeat

67
Q

arteriogram

A

x-ray record or picture of an artery

68
Q

arteriography

A

process of recording an x-ray picture of arteries

69
Q

arteriole

A

any of the small terminal twigs of an artery that ends in capillaries

70
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

71
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening of plaque

72
Q

atrioventricular

A

of, relating to, or located between an atrium and ventricle of the heart

73
Q

bicuspid valve

A

a heart valve with 2 leaves

74
Q

bifurcation

A

to split into two parts

75
Q

bradycardia

A

relatively slow heart action

76
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

77
Q

cardiac arrest

A

sudden and complete stoppage of the heart

78
Q

cardiologist

A

a physician who studied the heart

79
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlarged heart

80
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

a group of disease that affect the heart muscle

81
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

the act of bringing someone back to life by using the heart and lungs

82
Q

carotid

A

2 main arteries that ascend the neck

83
Q

coagulation

A

the action or process of a liquid changing to a solid or semi-solid state

84
Q

coronary

A

relating to or denoting the arteries that surround and supply the heart

85
Q

coronary thrombosis

A

development of a blood clot in a coronary artery

86
Q

diastole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood``

87
Q

echocardiography

A

using ultrasound to view the function of the heart

88
Q

electrocardiogram

A

a record or display of a person’s heartbeat

89
Q

embolism

A

a clot that has travelled to a different location

90
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner layer of the heart wall

91
Q

endocardium

A

the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves

92
Q

erythrocyte

A

medical word for red blood cell

93
Q

fibrillation

A

a muscular twitching involving individual muscle fibers acting without coordination

94
Q

globulin

A

any of a group of simple proteins soluble in salt solutions and forming a large fraction of blood serum protein

95
Q

hemoglobin

A

a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood

96
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

97
Q

hypotension

A

low blood pressure

98
Q

hypoxia

A

deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues

99
Q

interventricular septum

A

the hard muscle wall between the two ventricles

100
Q

ischemia

A

a deficiency of blood supply

101
Q

jugular

A

2 main veins that descend the neck

102
Q

mitral

A

a heart valve with two flaps

103
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the heart muscle

104
Q

myocardium

A

the muscular tissue of the heart

105
Q

occlusion

A

a blockage in a vessel, cavity, or passage of the body

106
Q

palpitation

A

a noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation, exertion, or illness

107
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the sac around the heart

108
Q

polyarteritis

A

inflammation of multiple blood vessels; inflammation of medium and small arteries

109
Q

semilunar

A

looks similar to a half moon

110
Q

sinoatrial node

A

a small body of specialized muscle tissue in the wall of the right atrium

111
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

blood pressure cuff

112
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument for listening to heart sounds, etc.

113
Q

systole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries

114
Q

tachycardia

A

a fast heart beat

115
Q

thrombocyte

A

another term for platelet

116
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein in the presence of blood clot formation

117
Q

tricuspid

A

a heart valve with three flaps

118
Q

valvoplasty

A

surgical repair of a heart valve

119
Q

ventricle

A

a hollow part or cavity in an organ. a large chamber of the heart

120
Q

vasoconstriction

A

narrowing of the diameter of a blood vessel

121
Q

aneurysm

A

localized dilatation or ballooning of an artery at a weak point in the vessel wall

122
Q

aneurysmectomy

A

surgical removal of an aneurysm

123
Q

angina pectoris

A

severe pain and constriction around the heart; feeling of extreme pressure in the anterior chest

124
Q

aortic stenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of the aorta

125
Q

arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD)

A

heart disease caused by hardening of the arteries

126
Q

atrioventricular defect

A

an abnormal opening between the atria and ventricles

127
Q

blood pressure

A

the pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the arteries, the veins, and the chambers of the heart

128
Q

bruits

A

abnormal blowing sounds or murmurs heard while listening to the blood flow through the arteries

129
Q

bundle branch block (BBB)

A

interruption of the electrical impulse of the heart to the right, left, or both bundle branches

130
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

an x-ray procedure during which a catheter is guided into the heart through a blood vessel for the purpose of injecting a contrast medium to view and image the heart chambers and coronary arteries; also called left heart catheterization or coronary arteriography

131
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

compression of the heart due to the accumulation of blood in the pericardial sac

132
Q

cardiology

A

study of the functions, structures, and disorders of the heart

133
Q

cardioversion

A

restoration of a normal heart rhythm by delivering synchronized electric shocks through paddles placed on the chest

134
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

congenital condition characterized by the narrowing of a segment of the aorta

135
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

heart condition characterized by impaired cardiac pumping resulting in failure of the ventricles to eject blood

136
Q

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

A

surgical procedure that requires implanting a piece of vein onto the heart to bypass a blockage in a coronary artery and to improve blood flow to the heart; commonly called bypass surgery

137
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

any abnormal condition of arteries of the heart

138
Q

coronary occlusion

A

an obstruction of any one of the coronary arteries

139
Q

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A

presence of a blood clot in a deep vein

140
Q

defibrillation

A

technique used to interrupt ventricular fibrillation and restore a normal heart rhythm by delivering electric shocks to specific areas around the heart

141
Q

echocardiogram

A

graphic record of an ultrasound visualization of the heart

142
Q

electrocardiography

A

process of recording the electrical activity of the heart

143
Q

endarterectomy

A

surgical removal of the lining of an artery that is occluded due to fatty deposits

144
Q

holter monitoring

A

process of recording and monitoring heart rate and rhythms over a specific period, usually 24 hours

145
Q

hypertensive heart disease (HHD)

A

heart disease caused by long-term elevated or high blood pressure

146
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

protrusion of one or both of the flaps of the mitral valve into the left atrium

147
Q

mitral valve stenosis

A

narrowing of the mitral valve due to scarring

148
Q

myocardial infarction (MI)

A

death of heart muscle due to a lack of oxygen caused by an insufficient blood supply from the coronary arteries; heart attack

149
Q

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT)

A

rapid atrial contractions that being and end suddenly, usually from 150 to 240 beats per minute

150
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

congenital opening between the main pulmonary artery and the aorta

151
Q

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

A

surgical repair of a coronary artery by inserting a balloon on the end of a catheter into the artery, inflating the balloon, flattening the fatty deposits on the arterial wall, and stretching or increasing the diameter of the artery; a stent (wire-mesh tube) may be placed in the artery to provide support to the arterial wall

152
Q

pitting edema

A

abnormal swelling of the skin of the extremities that, when pressed firmly, maintains the depression or dimpling created by the pressure

153
Q

premature atrial contraction (PAC)

A

irregular heart rhythm characterized by atrial contractions occurring before the expecting time

154
Q

premature ventricular contraction (PVC)

A

ventricular contractions occurring before the expected time

155
Q

rheumatic fever

A

a systemic disease characterized by fever, joint pain, carditis, and other manifestations, usually follows a streptococcal infection or scarlet fever

156
Q

rheumatic heart disease (RHD)

A

a manifestation of rheumatic fever characterized by endocarditis that often results in damaged heart valves

157
Q

thallium stress test

A

assessment of cardiovascular health and function during and after the application of stress

158
Q

transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)

A

process of viewing and recording the structures of the heart using ultrasound and placing the recording device into the esophagus

159
Q

varicose veins

A

enlarged, twisted, and often dilated veins, most commonly found in the legs and esophagus

160
Q

ventricular tachycardia

A

abnormally rapid heartbeat of the ventricles, usually between 150 and 200 beats per minute

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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