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Medical Terminology > ch 11 - endocrine > Flashcards

ch 11 - endocrine Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Ad-

A

near

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2
Q

Aden/o

A

gland

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3
Q

End/o

A

within

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4
Q

Epi

A

upon

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5
Q

Estr/o

A

a recurring period of sexual receptivity and fertility in many female

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6
Q

Eu

A

normal, good

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7
Q

Lip/o

A

fat

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8
Q

Meta

A

change

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9
Q

Neo

A

new

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10
Q

Pan

A

all

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11
Q

Para

A

beside

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12
Q

Phyt/o

A

plant

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13
Q

Supra

A

above

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14
Q

Tri

A

3, three

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15
Q

Tetra

A

4, four

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16
Q

Aldose

A

a monosaccharide (aldosterone)

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17
Q

Bol/o

A

cast, throw (metabolism)

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18
Q

Calci/o

A

calcium

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19
Q

Cortic/o

A

cortex

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20
Q

Crin/o

A

secrete

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21
Q

Mammals

A

heat

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22
Q

Gluc/o

A

glucose

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23
Q

Glyc/o

A

glucose

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24
Q

Hormon/o

A

to rouse or set in motion

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25
Q

Insul/a

A

island

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26
Q

Iod/o

A

iodine

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27
Q

Kal/i

A

potassium

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28
Q

Lept/o

A

thin

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29
Q

Natr/o

A

sodium

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30
Q

Nephr/o

A

kidneys

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31
Q

Oxytoc/o

A

swift birth (oxytocin)

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32
Q

Prosta

A

to stand before

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33
Q

Ren/o

A

kidney

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34
Q

Somat/o, soma

A

body

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35
Q

Ster/o

A

solid structure, steroid

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36
Q

Thym/o

A

sweetbread

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37
Q

Thyr/o

A

oblong shield

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38
Q

-ago

A

to lead (glucagon)

39
Q

-creas, -kreas

A

flesh

40
Q

-ism

A

condition, process

41
Q

-oid

A

resembles

42
Q

-ol

A

alcohol or -OH group in chemistry

43
Q

-one

A

hormone

44
Q

-phil/o

A

attraction for, love of

45
Q

-phob/o

A

fear

46
Q

-physis

A

to grow (hypophysis)

47
Q

-statin, stasis

A

stop

48
Q

-ton/o

A

stretch

49
Q

-tropin

A

stimulate or act on

50
Q

ACTH

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

51
Q

ADH

A

Antidiuretic hormone

52
Q

FSH

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

53
Q

GH

A

Growth hormone

54
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone

55
Q

MSH

A

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

56
Q

PTH

A

Parathyroid hormone, parathormone

57
Q

STH

A

Somatotropic hormone

58
Q

T3

A

Triiodothyronine

59
Q

T4

A

Tetraiodothyronine, Thyroxine

60
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

61
Q

Adenohypophysis

A

anterior pituitary

62
Q

Adrenal

A

relating to or denoting a pair of ductless glands situated above the kidneys

63
Q

Adrenalectomy

A

surgical removal of one or both of the adrenal glands

64
Q

Adrenalitis

A

inflammation of the adrenal glands

65
Q

Adrenocorticotropic

A

pertaining to the hormone that acts on or stimulates the adrenal cortex

66
Q

Aldosterone

A

a corticosteroid hormone which stimulates reabsorption of sodium into the blood stream from the kidneys

67
Q

Antidiuretic hormone

A

hormone secreted by the posterior portion of the pituitary gland that constricts blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and reduces excretion of urine. ADH.

68
Q

Cortisol

A

another term for hydrocortisone. Produced in the adrenal cortex. glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex upon stimulation by ACTH that mediates various metabolic processes.

69
Q

Euthyroid

A

normal thyroid function

70
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone

A

hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of the ovum-containing follicles in the ovary and activates sperm-forming cells. FSH.

71
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

formation of glucose within the animal body especially by the liver from substances (such as fats and proteins) other than carbohydrates.

72
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

another term for cortisol. produced in the adrenal cortex. glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex upon stimulation by ACTH that mediates various metabolic processes

73
Q

Hydrophilic

A

relating to or having a strong affinity for water

74
Q

Hydrophobic

A

not soluble in water. of, relating to, or suffering from hydrophobia. lacking affinity for water

75
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

a condition of abnormally high amount of calcium in the blood

76
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

a high amount of potassium in the blood

77
Q

Hypernatremia

A

a high amount of sodium in the blood

78
Q

Lipophilic

A

relating to or having an affinity for lipids

79
Q

Lipophobic

A

not soluble in fats. having a strong affinity for water

80
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

a hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that in the female stimulates ovulation and the development of corpora lutea and in the male the development of interstitial tissue in the testis

81
Q

Melanocyte

A

an epidermal cell that produces melanin

82
Q

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

A

any of several vertebrate hormones of the pituitary gland that darken the skin by stimulating melanin dispersion in pigment containing cells

83
Q

Metabolism

A

the sum of all the chemical changes that take place in the body

84
Q

Parathormone

A

parathyroid hormone. a hormone of the parathyroid gland that regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body. PTH

85
Q

Prostaglandins

A

a group of physiologically active lipid compounds having diverse hormone-like effects as in controlling blood pressure or smooth muscle contraction

86
Q

Somatotropic

A

pertaining to or related to the growth hormone somatotropin

87
Q

Steroid

A

a hormone derived from cholesterol

88
Q

Suprarenal

A

situated above or anterior to the kidneys location of the adrenal glands

89
Q

Thymus

A

glandular structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions especially in cell-mediated immunity, is present in the infants/children, and gradually decreases in size and activity after puberty.

90
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone

A

a hormone that is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland. TSH.

91
Q

Thyroxine

A

the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland, acting to increase metabolic rate and so regulating growth and development. T4

92
Q

Triiodothyronine

A

thyroid hormone T3

93
Q

Vasopressin

A

a man-made hormone that acts like ADH. constricts blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and reduces excretion of urine.

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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