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Medical Terminology > Ch 2 > Flashcards

Ch 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abdomin/o; lapar/o; ceil/o

A

abdomen

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2
Q

adip/o; lip/o

A

fat; fatty

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3
Q

anter/o

A

front

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4
Q

caud/o

A

lower part of the body; tail

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5
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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6
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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7
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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8
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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9
Q

dors/o

A

back

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10
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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11
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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12
Q

inguin/o

A

groin

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13
Q

later/o

A

side; away from the midline

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14
Q

lumb/o

A

loin; lower back

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15
Q

medi/o

A

middle

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16
Q

nucle/o

A

nucleus

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17
Q

pelv/i

A

pelvis

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18
Q

poster/o

A

back

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19
Q

proxim/o

A

near

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20
Q

spin/o

A

spine

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21
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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22
Q

umbilic/o

A

navel

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23
Q

ventr/o

A

front side; belly

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24
Q

viscer/o

A

internal organs

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25
Q

cytology

A

the study of cells

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26
Q

cell membrane

A

cell’s outer covering

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27
Q

cytoplasm

A

gel-like substance within a cell

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28
Q

nucleus

A

controls cellular functions

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29
Q

Chromosomes

A

threadlike strands in the cell nucleus that contain DNA and genetic material; control growth, repair, and reproduction functions of the body.

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30
Q

connective, epithelial, muscle, and nervous

A

Four main types of body tissue

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31
Q

histology

A

the study of tissue

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32
Q

connective tissue

A

to connect or support other body tissue or structures

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33
Q

adipose

A

fat

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34
Q

liquid

A

blood; lymph

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35
Q

fibrous

A

tendons; ligaments

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36
Q

cartilage

A

nose; ears; type of connective tissue

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37
Q

solid

A

bone

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38
Q

epithelial tissue

A

provides a covering for body organs

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39
Q

Endocardium

A

lining of the heart

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40
Q

skeletal muscle tissue

A

attached to bone; moves the skeleton; voluntary muscle

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41
Q

smooth muscle tissue

A

located in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and intestines; produces movement in those organs; involuntary muscle

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42
Q

cardiac muscle tissue

A

make sup the muscular layer of the heart; involuntary muscle

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43
Q

integumentary

A

skin; hair; nails; glands

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44
Q

skeletal

A

bones

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45
Q

muscular

A

muscles; cartilage; ligaments; tendons

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46
Q

cardiovascular

A

heart; arteries; veins

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47
Q

blood/lymph

A

blood; lymph; lymph glands

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48
Q

respiratory

A

lungs; trachea; bronchi

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49
Q

digestive

A

mouth; throat; esophagus; stomach; small and large intestines; liver; gallbladder; and pancreas

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50
Q

urinary

A

kidneys; ureters; bladder; urethra

51
Q

endocrine

A

glands that secrete hormones

52
Q

male reproductive

A

testes; vas deferens; penis; accessory organs

53
Q

female reproductive

A

ovaries; uterus; vagina; fallopian tubes; accessory organs

54
Q

nervous

A

nerves; brain; spinal cord

55
Q

sensory

A

eyes; ears

56
Q

dorsal

A

pertaining to the back

57
Q

cranial

A

pertaining to the skull

58
Q

spinal

A

pertaining to the spine

59
Q

dorsal cavities

A

cranial and spinal

60
Q

ventral

A

pertaining to the belly side or the front of the body

61
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaining to the front of the body

62
Q

Ventral cavity

A

thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, diaphragm

63
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the chest

64
Q

thoracic cavity

A

heart, esophagus, trachea, aorta, lungs

65
Q

abdominal cavity or abdominopelvic cavity

A

liver, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, and pancreas

66
Q

abdominal

A

pertaining to the abdomen

67
Q

pelvic cavity

A

urinary bladder, reproductive organs

68
Q

pelvic

A

pertaining to the pelvis

69
Q

diaphragm

A

Muscle that helps us breathe, separates the thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

70
Q

hypochondriac

A

pertaining to the region below the cartilage of the ribs

71
Q

epigastric

A

pertaining to above the stomach

72
Q

lumbar

A

pertaining to the lower back, or side & back between the ribs & the pelvis

73
Q

umbilical

A

pertaining to the navel or unbilicus

74
Q

Inguinal

A

Pertaining to the groin

75
Q

Iliac

A

pertaining to the ilium

76
Q

hypogastric

A

pertaining to below the stomach

77
Q

right hypochondriac region

A

located beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs in the upper right section of the abdomen

78
Q

Epigastric region

A

Located above the stomach and navel, between the right and left hypochondriac regions

79
Q

Left hypochondriac region

A

Located beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs in the upper left section of the abdomen

80
Q

Right lumbar region

A

Located in the mid portion of the abdomen directly below the right hypochondriac region

81
Q

Umbilical region

A

Located in the midsection of the abdomen at the level of the umbilicus or navel

82
Q

Left lumbar region

A

Located in the mid portion of the abdomen directly below the left hypochondriac region

83
Q

Right inguinal/iliac region

A

Located in the lower right portion of the abdomen, directly below the right lumbar region

84
Q

Hypogastric region

A

Located in the lower midsection of the abdomen, directly below the umbilical region

85
Q

Left inguinal/iliac region

A

Located in the lower left portion of the abdomen, directly below the left lumbar region

86
Q

Body quadrants

A

four imaginary sections of the abdomen. name based on relationship to the navel or umbilicus

87
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

88
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

89
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant. below and to the right of the umbilicus

90
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant. below and to the left of the umbilicus

91
Q

planes of the body

A

frontal or coronal
transverse or cross sectional
sagittal

92
Q

midsagittal plane

A

divides the body, starting with the head and continuing through the pelvic region, into equal right and left halves or sides

93
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into right and left portions or segments

94
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into upper and lower portions or segments; also called the horizontal plane

95
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides the body, Starting with the head and continuing through the legs and feet, into front and back portions or segments; also called the coronal plane

96
Q

anatomical position

A

the body is viewed as erect, with the arms at the sides, palms of the hands facing forward, and the head and feet also facing forward

97
Q

caud/o, infer/o

A

downwards and toward to tail

98
Q

dist/o

A

away from

99
Q

proxim/o

A

near

100
Q

poster/o

A

back or behind

101
Q

later/o

A

toward the side

102
Q

medi/o

A

toward the middle

103
Q

-ad

A

toward

104
Q

anterior

A

toward the front; pertaining to the front

105
Q

anteroposterior

A

from the front to the back; pertaining to the front and the back

106
Q

caudal

A

pertaining to the tail; downward

107
Q

cephalad

A

toward the head; pertaining to the head

108
Q

cranial

A

toward the head; pertaining to the head

109
Q

deep

A

away from the surface

110
Q

distal

A

away from the trunk of the body; farthest from the point of origin of a body part

111
Q

dorsal

A

toward the back; pertaining to the back

112
Q

inferior

A

below; downward toward the tail or feet

113
Q

lateral

A

to the side; away from the midline of the body

114
Q

medial

A

toward the midline of the body; pertaining to the middle

115
Q

posterior

A

toward the back; pertaining to the back of the body

116
Q

posteroanterior

A

from the back to the front; pertaining to the back and front

117
Q

prone

A

face down; lying on the abdomen

118
Q

proximal

A

toward the trunk of the body; nearest to the point of origin of a body part

119
Q

superficial

A

near the surface; pertaining to the surface

120
Q

superior

A

above; upward; toward the head

121
Q

supine

A

face up; lying on the back

122
Q

ventral

A

toward the front; pertaining to the front side

123
Q

cardiac muscle

A

involuntary heart muscle characterized by branching fibers

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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