Ch. 6

Question 1

Abyssal zone

Answer 1

Lowest zone in ocean, dark, cold and little DO, but has nutrients for species.

Question 2

Barrier beaches / Sandy shores

Answer 2

Gently sloping, animals hide, has many shorebirds.

Question 3

Barrier islands

Answer 3

Low narrow sandy isalnds, wanted for development on back dune, but structures can be destroyed by flooding, erosion, storms

Question 4

Bathyal zone

Answer 4

Middle zone of ocean, dimly lit and has no producers, dominated by fish and zooplankton.

Question 5

Benthic zone

Answer 5

Bottom of lake, mostly decomposers detrivores that feed on falling dead matter and washed in sediment.

Question 6

Benthos

Answer 6

Bottom dwellers like barnacles oysters worms lobsters and crabs

Question 7

Coastal wetland

Answer 7

Land areas covered with water all or part of the year

Question 8

Coastal zone

Answer 8

Warm nutrient rich shallow water that extends from high tide mark on land to the continental shelf

Question 9

Continental shelf

Answer 9

submerged part of continent

Question 10

Coral bleaching

Answer 10

When corals become stressed and algae die out, leaving white or bleached skeleton of calcium carbonate

Question 11

Coral reefs

Answer 11

Form in clear warm coastal waters in tropics and subtropics. very diverse and thrive in constant high salinity

Question 12

Cultural eutrophication

Answer 12

When human inputs of nutrients accelerate eutrophication of lakes

Question 13

Deposit feeders

Answer 13

Includes many worms, take in mud and extract nutrients

Question 14

Drainage basin/ watershed

Answer 14

land area that delivers runoff sediment and dissolved substances to a stream

Question 15

euphotic zone

Answer 15

Brightly lit upper zone of ocean where phytoplankton carry out photosynthesis, low nutrient levels, high DO, contains large fastswimming fish

Question 16

Filter feeders

Answer 16

Oysters clams and sponges that pass water thriugh their body and extract nutrients from it

Question 17

Floodplain zone

Answer 17

End of river that empties into the ocean

Question 18

Floodplains

Answer 18

Inland wetland that receives excess water during heavy rains and floods

Question 19

Lotic

Answer 19

flowing, like streams and rivers

Question 20

lentic

Answer 20

standing, like lakes, ponds, and inland wetlands

Question 21

Surface water

Answer 21

Precipitation that does not sink or evaporate

Question 22

Swamps

Answer 22

Inland wetland with trees

Question 23

Transition zone

Answer 23

headwater streas merge to form wider deeper warmer streams that flow down gentler slopes and have less DO. Supports phytoplankton and fish

Question 24

Inland wetland

Answer 24

Covered with freshwater all or part of the time

Question 25

Intertidal zone

Answer 25

Area of shoreline between low and high tides

Question 26

Limnetic zone

Answer 26

Surface water of a lake away from shore that has sunlight, supports most consumers and producers, where most large fish live.

Question 27

Littoral zone

Answer 27

Near the shore, has shallow sunlit waters to the depth at which rooted plants stop growing, most productive of lake because of nutrients and sunlight, and high biodiversity

Question 28

Mangrove forests

Answer 28

Tropical ewuivalent of salt marshes. Dominated by mangroves that can grow in salt water and can support changing water levels.

Question 29

Marshes

Answer 29

Inland wetlands without trees

Question 30

Mesotrophic lake

Answer 30

Most lakes, has medium amount of nutrients

Question 31

Nekton

Answer 31

Strong swimmers like fish turtles and whales

Question 32

Oligotrophic lake

Answer 32

Poorly nourished, deep with steep banks

Question 33

Overturn

Answer 33

during summer and winter, water becomes stratified in deep temperate lakes. In fall and spring, they mix again, bringing oxygen from surface to the bottom and nutrients from the bottom to the surface.

Question 34

Plankton

Answer 34

Free floating small stuff

Question 35

Polyps

Answer 35

Relatives of jellyfish that form coral reefs by secreting Calcium carbonate

Question 36

Prairie potholes

Answer 36

Small shallow ponds in depressions carved out by glaciers that are inland wetlands

Question 37

Profundal zone

Answer 37

Middle zone of lake with no light, DO, and has fish adapted to cooler and darker water

Question 38

Rocky shores

Answer 38

Steep, pounded by waves, contain diverse species

Question 39

Seasonal wetlands

Answer 39

Only remain under water for a short time each year, or for years without going under water. Includes prairie potholes, floodplain wetlands, and bottomland hardwood swamps

Question 40

Source zone

Answer 40

Mountain highland streams are shallow cold clear and quickly flowing, has high DO

Question 41

Ultraplankton

Answer 41

Small plankton that are responsible for most primary productivity near surface

Question 42

Zooxanthellae

Answer 42

Single-celled algae that live in tissues of polyps, produce calcium carbonate and oxygen for the polyps