Ch. 5

Question 1

Alpine tundra

Answer 1

Occurs above limit of tree growth and below permanent snow line on high mountains, and has no permafrost due to seasonal changes, can have wildflowers during the brief summer

Question 2

Arctic tundra / polar grassland

Answer 2

Lie south of arctic polar ice cap, with long winters and snow

Question 3

Boreal forest / Evergreen coniferous forest/ taiga

Answer 3

South of the arctic tundra, with long dry and cold winters, and short warm summers. Trees keep their leaves the entire year.

Question 4

Broadleaf deciduous trees

Answer 4

Found in temperate deciduous forests, survive cold winters by shedding leaves and becoming dormant

Question 5

Broadleaf evergreen plants

Answer 5

Keep leaves yearround in tropical rain forest,

Question 6

browsing

Answer 6

Twig and leaf eating

Question 7

Temperate shrubland / chapparal

Answer 7

Found on coastal regions that border deserts because of closeness to body of water provides a slightly longer winter rainy season. Has small trees, infertile soil, long dry and warm summers with a lot of fires

Question 8

Coastal coniferous forest / temperate rain forest

Answer 8

Found in scattered coastal temperate areas, has ample rainfall from ocean, moderate temperatures year round, evergreen trees because of abundance of water, little light reaches the floor

Question 9

Cold deserts

Answer 9

Goni desert, sparse vegetation, cold winters, warm summers, low precipitation

Question 10

coniferous evergreen trees

Answer 10

Spruce fir hemlock cedar and pine that keep narrow-pointed small waxy-coated leaves all year long

Question 11

Convection

Answer 11

Hot and wet warm air rises, cools, and releases moisture as previpitation and heat. The cool dry air sinks, gets warmer, picks up moisture, and continues the cycle.

Question 12

Coriolis effect

Answer 12

Heated air masses rising above the equator are deflected to the west or east over different parts id the planet’s surface

Question 13

Prairies / Grassland

Answer 13

Mostly in interior of continent that persist due to seasonal drought grazing and occassional fires, and low precipitation and varying temperature

Question 14

Prevailing winds

Answer 14

Major surface winds that blow almost continously and distribute air moisture and dust

Question 15

Savanna

Answer 15

Has scattered clumps of trees that are covered with thorns to keep herbivores away. Warm year round temperatures, alternating dry and wet seasons, home of humankind.

Question 16

Southern pine forests

Answer 16

Found in US, grow rapidly in warm and moist southern climate, have been cleared for pine plantations

Question 17

Succulent plants

Answer 17

No leaves, store water in fleshy tissue, and reduce water loss by opening pores to take CO2 at night. Found in desert, and have spines to protect from herbivores

Question 18

temperature deciduous forest

Answer 18

Grow with moderate average temperature that change significantly with season, have abundant constant precipitation, allows penetration of sunlight, and accumulate humus.

Question 19

Grazing

Answer 19

Grass and herb eating

Question 20

Gulf stream

Answer 20

Largest role in mild climate of europe, transports water from south US to Europe.

Question 21

Monsoons

Answer 21

Heavy rains that affect continents north or south of warm oceans. Heating of land creates low-pressure air masses that draw moisture from ocean, that lead to alternating dry amd wet seasons.

Question 22

Muskegs

Answer 22

Acidic bogs due to waterlogged soil

Question 23

Temperate desert

Answer 23

Mojave in southern US, high daytime temp in winter, low in winter, more precipitation, sparse vegetation

Question 24

Temperate grasslands

Answer 24

Interiors of many continents, steppes of eurasia, and pampas of south america, winters are very cold, summers are hot and dry, precipitation is uneven and sparse, no trees except along banks of water, deep fertile soil

Question 25

Tropical desert

Answer 25

Sahara and Namib of Africa, hot and dry most of year, few plants and mostly sand and rocks.

Question 26

Tropical dry forest

Answer 26

Warm temps year round, wet and dry seasons, low tree height, canopy is not dense.

Question 27

Tropical rain forest

Answer 27

Near equator, where hot moist air drops rain, uniformly warm and moist. Very diverse, large trees with shallow roots and large bases. Has vines that jump from tree to tree called lianas