Ch 6

Question 1

Boen or Osseous tissue

Answer 1

connective tissue in which the matrix is hardened by calcium phosphate and other minerals

Question 2

Diaphysis

Answer 2

shaft of bone also called a body

Question 3

Epiphysis

Answer 3

the ends of a bone

Question 4

Periosteum

Answer 4

fibrous membrane that covers the outer portion of a bone, tendons attach here, highly innervated.

Question 5

Articular (Hyaline) cartilage

Answer 5

covers the ends of moveable bones

Question 5

Medullary (Marrow) Cavity

Answer 5

space inside the bone that contains marrow

Question 6

Endosteum

Answer 6

the lining of he medullary cavity

Question 7

Osteocyte

Answer 7

mature osteoblast, bone cells, sense the various stressors on bone

Question 7

Osteogenic cell

Answer 7

a stem cell that differentiates to become an osteoblast

Question 7

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 7

area that contains hyaline cartilage in growing bone, an area that causes bone to elongate, becomes ossified (bone) in adults.

Question 8

Osteoblast

Answer 8

cells that lay down collagen fibers and matrix to form bone

Question 8

Osteon

Answer 8

basic structural unit of compact bone

Question 9

Osteoclast

Answer 9

bone dissolving cells

Question 10

Central Canal

Answer 10

located at the center of the Osteon, contains vessels and nerves

Question 11

Concentric canal

Answer 11

located at the center of the osteon, contains vessels and nerves

Question 12

Calcitriol

Answer 12

form of vitamin D is stimulated by the absorption of UV light

Question 12

Perforating canal

Answer 12

channels that contain vessels and nerves, connect outside osteon to inside of the bone

Question 12

Canaliculi

Answer 12

“tiny canals” that connect lacuna (so osteocyte can communicate)

Question 13

Lacuna

Answer 13

the space that houses osteocyte

Question 14

Calcitriol raises hormones by

Answer 14

a. inc absorption in the small intestine. b. stimulates calcium removal from bones (osteoclast)
c. causing the kidney to retain calcium in the blood.

Question 15

Calcitonin lowers calcium levels in the bl by

Answer 15

inhibiting osteoclasts
stimulates osteoblasts (places calcium into bone)

Question 16

Calcitonin

Answer 16

released by the Thyroid hormone

Question 17

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 17

released by parathyroid gland

Question 18

Steps associated with fracture repair

Answer 18

Hematoma forms around fracture site

Question 18

Parathyroid hormone raises bl calcium by

Answer 18

a. stimulating osteoclasts; b. causing kidneys to retain calcium in the bl; c. stimulates the production of Calcitriol; d. dec osteoblast activity.

Question 19

Granulation tissue forms

Answer 19

hematoma becomes infiltrated with capillaries, fibroblasts, macrophages, osteoclasts, osteogenic cells

Question 20

Remodeling

Answer 20

bone tissue is laid down replacing cartilage, this forms the bony hard callus. initially, spongy bone is laid down, the outer portion of the bone is converted (remodeled) into compact bone

Question 20

Callus formation

Answer 20

fibroblasts lay down collagen, "soft callus" is formed which is made out of fibrocartilage.