Ch 15 Flashcards
Preganglionic Neuron
myelinated
cell body is in the lateral gray horn that travels through the CNS to ganglion
Postganglionic Neuron
non-myelinated
cell body in the ganglion
travels from ganglion to the effector organ
controls involuntary function Ex: cardiac muscle
receives input from all over the body
Sympathetic Nervous System
associated with Alarm Response aka fight/flight response
primary response for stress
To sweat glands
preganglionic neurons release ACh to stimulate postganglionic neuron. Neuron releases ACh (cholinergic) neurons. Postganglionic neuron releases ACh to the Sweat Gland.
to effector organs
preganglionic neuron releases Ah to stimulate the Postganglionic neuron. Postganglionic neuron releases norepinephrine to the effected organ. The neuron that releases Norepinephrine is called an Adrenergic cell.
another preganglionic cholinergic neuron
carries the same impulse to the Adrenal Medulla. Then it releases Epinephrine and Norepinephrine into bl.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
known as rest and digest
support vegetation
ex: restores energy repair damage.
Preganglionic neurons exit with certain cranial and sacral nerves
Parasympathetic Nervous Pathways
preganglionic neurons is cholinergic. The Postganglionic neuron is also Cholinergic and synapses with effector organ
Receptors
a variety of specific receptors are associated with various effector organs
Types of Cholinergic organs:
Nicotinic receptors
respond to nicotine and Ach
found in dendrites and cell membrane of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons, and neuromuscular junctions
Liver
Parasympathetic: promotes glycogen synthesis
Sympathetic: promotes breakdown of glycogen to glucose
Types of Cholinergic organs:
Muscarinic receptors
responds to muscarinic and poisonous chemicals found in mushrooms as well as ACh
found in cell membrane of smoot muscle, cardiac muscle and glands
Lungs
Parasympathetic: airways constriction; normal tone
Sympathetic: airway dilatation
Iris
Parasympathetic: pupil constriction
Sympathetic: pupil dilation
Stomach & Intestines
Parasympathetic: promotes mobility and sphincter relaxation
Sympathetic: decreased mobility and constriction of sphincters
