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BIO 241 > Ch 12 > Flashcards

Ch 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Nervous Tissue definition

A

tissue replaced for rapid transformation of signals from cell to cell.
Works along with the Endocrine System to coordinate homeostasis and body activites.

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2
Q

CNS

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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3
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

sympathetic (fight or flight)
parasympathetic (rest and digest)

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4
Q

Astrocytes

A

located in CNS
provide Nutrional support and the proper chemical environment to Neurons

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5
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

in CNS
produce myelin sheaths

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6
Q

Microglia

A

in CNS
mobile macrophages

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7
Q

Ependymal Cells

A

in CNS
line brain ventricles of the Brain
produce CSF

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8
Q

Schwann cells

A

in PNS
produce Myelin sheaths

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9
Q

Neurolemma

A

the outermost layer of cell, contains nucleus

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10
Q

Satellite cells

A

in PNS
nutritional support

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11
Q

Resting Membrane Potential

A

electrical potential across the axon membrane
outside is positive, inside is negative
extracellular area has more Sodium and Chloride ions
the intracellular area has more potassium ions, phosphate, and amino acids
RMP is approx. equal to -70

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12
Q

Voltage-Gated Channels

A

located in the axolemma
open and close in response to changes in voltage
ex: voltage-gated Na+ channels
voltage-gated K+ channels

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13
Q

Sodium/Potassium ATPase Pumps

A

located in axolemma
takes care of ion Na+ and K+ leakage across the axon membrane

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14
Q

Depolarization

A

voltage-gated Na+ channels open in response to a stimulus the membrane voltage becomes more positive and positive ions rush inside the membrane
depolarization originates at Axon Hillock

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14
Q

Repolarization

A

recovery of the RMP

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15
Q

Action Potential

A

Depolarization + Repolarization
electrical signal that is propagated down the axon

16
Q

Threshold Stimulus

A

any electrical stimulus that is strong enough to initiate as action potential

17
Q

Continuous Conduction

A

propagation of nerve impulse in a step by step depolarization and repolarization of adjacent areas of sarcolemma

17
Q

All or none principle

A

initial stimulus must reach threshold before an action potential is generated. Initial electrical stimulus will quickly dissipate if the threshold stimulus is not achieved.

18
Q

Saltatory Conduction

A

(sends signal over)
action potential is moved along the myelinated portion of axolemma, passing through the node until the impulse reaches synapse
associated with myelinated neurons

BIO 241 (17 decks)

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