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Pharm Exam 4 > Ch 50 > Flashcards

Ch 50 Flashcards

0
Q

What are two therapy objectives to treating angina pectoris

A

Prevention of myocardial infarction and death

Prevention of myocardial ischemia (deficiency of blood) and anginal pain

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1
Q

Angina is a symptom of

A

Disease

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2
Q

Treatment to prevent MI and death are (2)

A

Cholesterol lowering drugs

Anti platelet drugs

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3
Q

Treatment for myocardial ischemia and anginal pain are what 3 things

A

Organic nitrates
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers

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4
Q

What are 3 factors that contribute to oxygen demand

A

Heart rate
Myocardial contractility
Intra myocardial wall tension
(Cardiac preload and afterload)

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5
Q

What are 3 types of angina pectoris

A

Chronic stable angina (exertional)
Variant angina (prinzmetals)
Unstable angina

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6
Q

What 3 drugs treat chronic stable angina by decreasing cardiac oxygen demand

A

Organic nitrates
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers

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7
Q

Variant angina is caused by coronary artery spasm (restricting blood flow to myocardium) can occur at any time. Is treated with vasodilators to increase cardiac oxygen supply and is treated with what two drugs

A

Calcium channel blockers

Organic nitrates

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8
Q

Unstable angina is a medical emergency due to vasospasm, platelet aggregation, transient coronary thrombi. You want to maintain oxygen supply and decrease oxygen demand. What 5 drugs do you use to treat unstable angina

A 
Anticoagulants 
Nitrates 
Beta blockers 
Calcium channel blockers 
Morphine
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9
Q

What anticoagulants do you use to treat unstable angina (two)

A

Heparin

Aspirin

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10
Q

Why do you use nitrates to treat unstable angina

A

Increases o2 supply and decreases demand

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11
Q

What do beta blockers do for unstable angina

A

Reduce o2 demand

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12
Q

When do you want to use calcium channel blockers for unstable angina

A

When nitrates and beta blockers are inadequate

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13
Q

Nitroglycerin (organic nitrate) works by

A

Decreasing intraceullar calcium levels leading to vasodilation

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14
Q

Nitroglycerin can be administered through what 3 routes

A

Sublingually
Buccally
Transdermally

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15
Q

Nitroglycerin undergoes rapid metabolism and inactivation by hepatic enzymes with a half life of

A

5 to 7 minutes

16
Q

Nitroglycerin has a tolerance that develops quickly to

A

Nitroglycerin induced vasodilation

17
Q

Beta blockers are not effective in what type of angina

A

Vasospastic

18
Q

Verapamil is the calcium channel blocker of choice to treat angina resulting in arterioles dilation, reduction of peripheral resistance and can relax vasospasm. It treats

A

Both stable and variable angina

19
Q

What are 3 revascularization therapies for angina

A

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Pharm Exam 4 (16 decks)

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