Ch 41 Flashcards
Osmolarity means what
The concentration of a solution in terms of osmoles of solutes per liter of solution
Osmolality means what
The concentration of a solution in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent
Isotonic contraction means what
Sodium and water are lost but there’s no change in osmolality
Hypertonic contraction means what
Loss of water exceeds loss of sodium. Increase in osmolality
Hypotonic solution means what
Loss of sodium exceeds loss of water. Osmolality decreases
What are 4 types of acid base disturbances?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
What is respiratory acidosis caused by
Retention of co2
How can you correct respiratory acidosis
Inject sodium bicarbonate
Respiratory alkalosis is caused by what
Hyperventilation- increases pH
How can you correct respiratory alkalosis
Rebreathe own air
Metabolic acidosis is caused by what 5 things
Chronic renal failure diarrhea over production of lactic acid Methanol poisoning Aspirin
How do you correct metabolic acidosis
Treat underlying cause
Metabolic alkalosis is caused by what
Vomiting
How do you correct metabolic alkalosis
A solution containing both sodium chloride and potassium chloride which promoted renal excretion of bicarbonate
What are two electrolyte disturbances
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
