Ch 40

Question 0

Where in the kidney does active tubular secretion happen?

Answer 0

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 1

What are the two pumps for in the kidneys?

Answer 1

One pump is for organic acids and one is for organic bases

Question 2

What are diuretics method of action?

Answer 2

Blockade of sodium and chloride reabsorption

Question 3

Diuretics create what type of pressure in the nephron that prevents passive reabsorption of water?

Answer 3

Osmotic pressure

Question 4

What are 3 side effects of using diuretics?

Answer 4

Hypovolemia
Acid base imbalance
Electrolyte imbalances

Question 5

What is Hypovolemia?

Answer 5

Shock from decreased body fluid

Question 6

What are the 4 types of diuretics?

Answer 6

Osmotic
High ceiling (loop)
Thiazide
Potassium sparing (aldosterone antagonist and non aldosterone antagonist)

Question 7

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are used for what?

Answer 7

Lower intraocular pressure not increase urine output

Question 8

What is the osmotic diuretic used for example?

Answer 8

Mannitol ( osmitrol )

Question 9

What are 3 uses for an osmotic diuretic?

Answer 9

Renal failure
Increased intracranial pressure
Increased intraocular pressure

Question 10

What is the medication used for example in high ceiling (loop) diuretics?

Answer 10

Furosemide (LASIX)

Question 11

What are the uses for a high ceiling diuretic?

Answer 11

Pulmonary edema
Edematous states
Hypertension

Question 12

Furosemide (LASIX) aka high ceiling diuretic has a slow or fast onset?

Answer 12

A rapid onset

Question 13

What are 7 adverse effects of high ceiling diuretic?

Answer 13

Hypotension (low pressure) 
Hypokalemia (low potassium) 
Hyponatremia (low sodium) 
Ototoxicity (hearing impairment) 
Hyperglycemia (high glucose) 
Hyperuricemia (high uric acid) 
Hyperlipidemia (high lipids)

Question 14

Where in the kidneys do high ceiling diuretics work?

Answer 14

Ascending loop of henle

Question 15

Where in the kidney do osmotic diuretics work?

Answer 15

Diuresis in lumen of the nephron

Question 16

What is the medication used for an example in thiazide diuretics?

Answer 16

Hydrochlorothiazide (hydroDIURIL)

Question 17

What are the uses for thiazide diuretics?

Answer 17

Hypertension
Edematous states
Diabetes insipidus (excessive production of urine) (mechanism of urine reduction is unknown)

Question 18

Thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide-hydroDIURIL) are the most widely used diuretics and peak when after administration?

Answer 18

4-6 hours

Question 19

Where do thiazide diuretics work in be kidney?

Answer 19

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 20

What is the medication used for as an example in potassium sparing diuretics?

Answer 20

Spironolactone (aldactone)

Question 21

What are the uses for potassium sparing diuretics?

Answer 21

Hypertension
Edematous states
Severe heart failure
Primary hyperaldosteronism

Question 22

Spironolactone (aldactone) PSD acts where in the kidney?

Answer 22

Blocks aldosterone in the distal nephron