Ch 42

Question 0

Cardiac output equation

Answer 0

CO= HR x SV

Question 1

Artieries are more ___ and less ___ than veins. Small increases in venous pressure cause large increase in diameter if veins.

Answer 1

More muscular and less elastic

Question 2

Heart rate is controlled by what nervous system?

Answer 2

Autonomic nervous system

Question 3

The SNS increases HR through what receptors?

Answer 3

Beta 1 adrenergic receptor

Question 4

PNS decreases HR through what receptors?

Answer 4

Muscarinic receptors

Question 5

Stroke volume is controlled by what 3 things?

Answer 5

Myocardial contractility 
Pre load (venous return) 
After load (arterial pressure)

Question 6

What does starlings law state?

Answer 6

The force of ventricular contraction is proportional to muscle fiber length ( so when more blood is pumped into the heart more blood is pumped out )

Question 7

System filling pressure “most important point in pharmacology” is influenced by what 3 things?

Answer 7

Auxiliary muscle pump
Resistance to flow between peripheral vessels and right atrium
Right atrial pressure

Question 8

Systemic filling pressure can be increased or decreased by what 4 things? ( 2 for each )

Answer 8

Increased by vasoconstriction or increased blood volume

Deceased by vasodilation or decreased blood volume

Question 9

Arterial pressure equation

Answer 9

Arterial pressure = peripheral resistance x cardiac output

Question 10

Arterial pressure is regulated by what two systems?

Answer 10

Autonomic nervous system and renin angiotensin system

Question 11

Baroreceptors help maintain what at a predetermined level? Baroreceptors are located on the carotid sinus and aortic arch and sense AP and send impulses to medulla

Answer 11

Arterial pressure

Question 12

Renin angiotensin system influence arterial pressure because of two hormones: angiotensin and aldosterone. What do these hormones do?

Answer 12

angiotensin constricts arterioles and veins.

Aldosterone retains water by kidney.