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A&P I > Ch 5 Integumentary System > Flashcards

Ch 5 Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 layers of the skin

A
  1. Epidermis (Cutaneous Layer)
  2. Dermis
  3. Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer)
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2
Q

What type of epithelium is the epidermis

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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3
Q

what are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

A
  1. Stratum Corneum
  2. Stratum Lucidum
  3. Stratum Granulosum
  4. Stratum Spinosum
  5. Stratum Germinativum (Basale)
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4
Q

Surface Layer of the epidermis that is made up of multiple layers of dead keratinized cells

A

Epidermis Stratum Corneum

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5
Q

what layer of the epidermis is made up of a single layer of translucent dead keratinized cells & only found in palm of hand and plantar surface of the feet

A

Epidermis Stratum Lucidum

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6
Q

This layers of the epidermis has dead keratinized cells that are more superficial and deeper cells are alive

A

Epidermis Stratum Granullosum

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7
Q

This epidermis layer contains keratin and a lipid-based substance which provides water-resistance

A

Epidermis Straum Granulosum

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8
Q

This layer of epidermis is made of active keratinocytes

A

Epidermis Straum Spinosum

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9
Q

This layer of epidermis contains pigment melanin

A

Epidermis Stratum Spinosum

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10
Q

This structure protects keratinocytes from UV light and regulates Vitamin D production

A

Melanin

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11
Q

Which layer of the skin is responsible for skin pigment

A

Epidermis Stratum Basale (deepest layer)

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12
Q

Which layer of the epidermis contains rich blood supply

A

epidermis stratum basale

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13
Q

which layer of the epidermis is continuously dividing

A

Epidermis Stratum Basale

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14
Q

why is keratin a component of the skin

A

as cells divide and move away from the blood supply they begin to die, this causes the cytoplasm to be replaced with keratin

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15
Q

what cell produces melanin

A

melanocytes

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16
Q

This structure is called the “true skin”

A

Dermis

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17
Q

What are the 2 layers of the Dermis

A
  1. Papillary Layer
  2. Reticular Layer
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18
Q

This layer of the dermis is where tattoo’s ink is injected in to

A

Papillary Layer

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19
Q

This dermis layer varies in elevation

A

Papillary layer

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20
Q

epidermal ridges are otherwise known as

A

fingerprints

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21
Q

This layer of the dermis has the nerve endings for pain sensation

A

Reticular Layer

22
Q

what happens to dense fibrous tissue when we age and this weakens

A

Our skin wrinkles

23
Q

What happens when dense fibrous tissue is stretched too much

A

stretch marks

24
Q

which layer of the skin connects to the underlying structures of the body

A

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

25
Q

This layer of the skin is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

A

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

26
Q

what part of the skin is liposuction done

A

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

27
Q

what are the accessory stuctures of the skin

A
  • Hair
  • Nail
  • Glands
28
Q

what is the function of your hair

A
  1. Protects eyes from dust, perspiration, & sunlight
  2. temperature regulation
  3. traps particles in nasal pathways
  4. helps with light tough sensation
29
Q

how is the color resulted

A

it is genetically controlled and determine by the amount of melanin

30
Q

what are the 3 main parts of the hair anatomy

A

Root → extends from the dermis to the surface where follicles are

Shaft → above the skin surface

Hair Bulb → where the follicle is planted

31
Q

what is the smooth muscle that contracts and makes the hair “stand up”

A

Arrector Pili Muscles

32
Q

what is the partial or complete lack of hair called

A

Alopecia

33
Q

what are the 3 anatomical structures of the nail from superficial to most deep?

A
  1. Free Edge
  2. Nail Root
  3. Nail Body
34
Q

what part of the skin are the sweat glands located?

A

The Dermis

35
Q

what are the two sweat gland structures

A
  1. Apocrine
  2. Eccrine
36
Q

This sweat gland is located around the hair follicles in the armpit and genitals

A

Apocrine

37
Q

This sweat gland is the stinky sweat gland

A

Apocrine

38
Q

the most numerous sweat gland and is important for temperature regulation

A

Eccrine

39
Q

what is the function of the sebaceous gland

A

it lubricates and waterproofs the skin

40
Q

this gland grows where the hair grows

A

sebaceous gland

41
Q

this skin cancer is slow growing, its malignant tumor of epithelial cells and can spread if let untreated

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

42
Q

This skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer and is less likely to metastasize

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

43
Q

this type of skin cancer is the most serious form, & spreads from dark pigmented moles

A

Melanoma

44
Q

what is the ABCDE rule

A
  • Asymmetry
  • Borders
  • Color
  • Diameter
  • Evolving
45
Q

what are the 12 regions of the rule of 9’s

A
  1. Whole head (9%)
  2. Chest (9%)
  3. Abdomen(9%)
  4. Left Anterior Leg (9%)
  5. Left Posterior Leg (9%)
  6. Right Anterior Leg (9%)
  7. Right Posterior Leg (9%)
  8. Whole Left Arm (9%)
  9. Whole right arm (9%)
  10. Upper Back (9%)
  11. Lumbar (9%)
  12. Genitals (1%)
46
Q

This type of burn is red, minimal pain & destruction, usually leads to sunburn

A

1st degree

47
Q

This type of burn is painful, edema/swelling, leads to blisters and involves the deep epidermal layer

A

2nd Degree burn

48
Q

This type of burn is a full thickness burn, complete destruction of epidermis, dermis, sensory receptors (no pain), and has a great risk of infection

A

3rd Degree Burn

49
Q

This type of burn is a full thickness that extends below the subcutaneous tissue to reach muscle or bone

A

4th Degree Burn

50
Q

what are some treatments for 4th degree burns

A
  • Skin Grafts
  • Amputation if needed

A&P I (13 decks)

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