Ch 5 Integumentary System Flashcards
What are the 3 layers of the skin
- Epidermis (Cutaneous Layer)
- Dermis
- Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer)
What type of epithelium is the epidermis
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
what are the 5 layers of the epidermis?
- Stratum Corneum
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum Granulosum
- Stratum Spinosum
- Stratum Germinativum (Basale)
Surface Layer of the epidermis that is made up of multiple layers of dead keratinized cells
Epidermis Stratum Corneum
what layer of the epidermis is made up of a single layer of translucent dead keratinized cells & only found in palm of hand and plantar surface of the feet
Epidermis Stratum Lucidum
This layers of the epidermis has dead keratinized cells that are more superficial and deeper cells are alive
Epidermis Stratum Granullosum
This epidermis layer contains keratin and a lipid-based substance which provides water-resistance
Epidermis Straum Granulosum
This layer of epidermis is made of active keratinocytes
Epidermis Straum Spinosum
This layer of epidermis contains pigment melanin
Epidermis Stratum Spinosum
This structure protects keratinocytes from UV light and regulates Vitamin D production
Melanin
Which layer of the skin is responsible for skin pigment
Epidermis Stratum Basale (deepest layer)
Which layer of the epidermis contains rich blood supply
epidermis stratum basale
which layer of the epidermis is continuously dividing
Epidermis Stratum Basale
why is keratin a component of the skin
as cells divide and move away from the blood supply they begin to die, this causes the cytoplasm to be replaced with keratin
what cell produces melanin
melanocytes
This structure is called the “true skin”
Dermis
What are the 2 layers of the Dermis
- Papillary Layer
- Reticular Layer
This layer of the dermis is where tattoo’s ink is injected in to
Papillary Layer
This dermis layer varies in elevation
Papillary layer
epidermal ridges are otherwise known as
fingerprints
This layer of the dermis has the nerve endings for pain sensation
Reticular Layer
what happens to dense fibrous tissue when we age and this weakens
Our skin wrinkles
What happens when dense fibrous tissue is stretched too much
stretch marks
which layer of the skin connects to the underlying structures of the body
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
This layer of the skin is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
what part of the skin is liposuction done
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
what are the accessory stuctures of the skin
- Hair
- Nail
- Glands
what is the function of your hair
- Protects eyes from dust, perspiration, & sunlight
- temperature regulation
- traps particles in nasal pathways
- helps with light tough sensation
how is the color resulted
it is genetically controlled and determine by the amount of melanin
what are the 3 main parts of the hair anatomy
Root → extends from the dermis to the surface where follicles are
Shaft → above the skin surface
Hair Bulb → where the follicle is planted
what is the smooth muscle that contracts and makes the hair “stand up”
Arrector Pili Muscles
what is the partial or complete lack of hair called
Alopecia
what are the 3 anatomical structures of the nail from superficial to most deep?
- Free Edge
- Nail Root
- Nail Body
what part of the skin are the sweat glands located?
The Dermis
what are the two sweat gland structures
- Apocrine
- Eccrine
This sweat gland is located around the hair follicles in the armpit and genitals
Apocrine
This sweat gland is the stinky sweat gland
Apocrine
the most numerous sweat gland and is important for temperature regulation
Eccrine
what is the function of the sebaceous gland
it lubricates and waterproofs the skin
this gland grows where the hair grows
sebaceous gland
this skin cancer is slow growing, its malignant tumor of epithelial cells and can spread if let untreated
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer and is less likely to metastasize
Basal Cell Carcinoma
this type of skin cancer is the most serious form, & spreads from dark pigmented moles
Melanoma
what is the ABCDE rule
- Asymmetry
- Borders
- Color
- Diameter
- Evolving
what are the 12 regions of the rule of 9’s
- Whole head (9%)
- Chest (9%)
- Abdomen(9%)
- Left Anterior Leg (9%)
- Left Posterior Leg (9%)
- Right Anterior Leg (9%)
- Right Posterior Leg (9%)
- Whole Left Arm (9%)
- Whole right arm (9%)
- Upper Back (9%)
- Lumbar (9%)
- Genitals (1%)
This type of burn is red, minimal pain & destruction, usually leads to sunburn
1st degree
This type of burn is painful, edema/swelling, leads to blisters and involves the deep epidermal layer
2nd Degree burn
This type of burn is a full thickness burn, complete destruction of epidermis, dermis, sensory receptors (no pain), and has a great risk of infection
3rd Degree Burn
This type of burn is a full thickness that extends below the subcutaneous tissue to reach muscle or bone
4th Degree Burn
what are some treatments for 4th degree burns
- Skin Grafts
- Amputation if needed
