Ch 13 The Spinal Cord/Spinal Nerves Flashcards
What are the 4 protective barriers of the Spinal Cord?
- Vetebral Column and Cranium
- Meninges
- Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Blood Brain Barrier
What are the 3 layers of the meninges that encircle the spinal cord and brain (outer to inner order)
- Dura Mater
- Arachnoid Mater
- Pia Mater
Which layer of the meninges is the thick layer and is a “tough mother”
Dura Mater
which layer of the meninges is spider like
Arachnoid Mater
Which layer of the meninges is the “soft mother”
Pia Mater
where can the CSF be found in the meninges?
Between the dura mater and the archnoid mater
Whats the function of the CSF?
Acts as a cushion for spinal cord and brain
To what portion of the spine does the spinal cord end at?
L1
To what portion of the spine does the spinal cord end at for newborns?
L4
What is conus medullaris?
When the spinal cord tapers and ends at L1
This spinal cord anatomy is the extension of the pia mater that fuses with the arachnoid and dura mater to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx?
Filum Terminale
which spinal root is responsible for sensory?
Posterior Root
which spinal root is responsible for motor?
Anterior Root
The nerve roots connect to this type of matter that is central and is butterflies shaped?
Grey Matter
The nerve root that attaches to this type of matter deals with peripheral nerves?
White Matter
Which matter communicates with spinal tracts to the brain?
White Matter
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the cervical region have
8
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the Thoracic region have
12
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the Lumbar region have
5
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the Sacral region have
5
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the coccygeal region have
1
Define
This is the area of skin that provides sensory information to a specific spinal level
Dermatomes
what is it called when a network of axons come together
Plexus
what are the regions of the plexuses
- Cervical
- Brachial
- Lumbar
- Sacral
- Cocygeal
what nerve causes the diaphram to contract?
Phrenic Nerve
where can the cervical plexus be found in the spine
From C1-C5
where is the phrenic nerve found
From C1-C5
Where can you find the bracial plexus?
From C5-T1
Which plexus provides nerve distributions for the upper extremities
Brachial Plexus
what is thoracic outlet syndrome
compression of brachial plexus, or vascular compression
What region of the spine does the Lumbar plexus reside?
L1-L4
What parts/organs does the lumbar plexus supply
- Abdomen
- External Genitalia
- Parts of lower limb
what region of the spine does the sacral plexus reside
S1-S4
what parts of the body does the sacral plexus supply
- Buttocks
- Perineum
- Lower Limb
where does the coccygeal plexus reside
S4, S5, & Coccygeal
what region does the coccygeal plexus supply
Coccygeal
which tracts are considered acending tracts?
Sensory tracts
which tracts are considered descending tracts
Motor tracts
where is the reflex arch for Biceps reflex
C5
where is the reflex arch for Brachiradialis reflex
C6
where is the reflex arch for Triceps reflex
C7
where is the reflex arch for Patellar reflex
L2-L4
where is the reflex arch for Achilles reflex
S1
This traumatic causes all function to be lost below level of injury
complete transection
This degeneratice disease is when the immune system attacks the neurolemma of nerves
Multiple sclerosis
the degenerative disease is called “Lou Gehrig’s disease” and when motor neurons are attacked : results in weakness & atophy
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
This disease is an acute infection of the peripheral nerve that comes from the spinal nerve, usuall caused by herpes zoster
Shingles
