CH 1 Intro to A&P Flashcards
What are the levels of organizations of the Human body
- Chemical
- Cellular
- Tissue
- Organs
- Organ system
- Organisms
What is the function of the Integumentary System?
- Protect the body
- regulate Temperature
- eliminate waste
- helps make vitamin D
- detects sensation
What are the components to the Integumentary system?
- Skin
- Hair
- Nails
- Glands
- Structures necessary for sensation
What is the function of the Skeletal System?
- supports and protects (ex. ribs)
- provides surface area for muscle attachment
- contains cells for blood formation
- Stores minerals and lipids
What are the components of the skeletal system?
- Bones
- Joints
- Cartilage
What is the function of the muscular system?
- body movement
- maintains posture
- major heat producer
what are the components of the muscular system?
- Muscles
- Tendons (Muscle to Bone)
- Ligaments (Bone to Bone)
What is the function of the Nervous System?
- Sensation
- Interpretation
- Integration
What are the components of the Nervous System?
- Brain
- Spinal Cord
- Nerves
- Sensory Organs
What is the function of the Endocrine System?
- Hormone Production
- Controls activités such as growth and metabolism
what are the components of the Endocrine System?
- Hormones
- Glands
- Some organs
what is the function of the cardiovascular System?
- Transports blood with nutrients and oxygen to the body
- Transports carbon dioxide and wastes away
- Helps regulate acid/base balance
what are the components of the cardiovascular system?
- Heart
- Blood Vessels
What is the function of the lymphatic/immune System
- Returns Proteins and fluid back to blood
- Defense against pathogens
what are the components of Lymphatic/Immune System?
- Lymph Nodes
- Lymphatic Vessels
- Lymph Fluid
- Lymphoid Organs
What is the function of the Respiratory System?
- Takes oxygen
- Removes Carbon Dioxide
- helps regulate acid/base balance
what are the components of the Respiratory System?
- Nose
- Mouth
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Bronchial Trees
- Lungs
What is the function of the Digestive System?
- Breakdown food
- absorb Nutrients
- eliminate waste
what are the components of the Digestive System?
- Mouth
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine
- Accessory Organs
What is the function of the urinary system?
- Production, storage and elimination of urine
- Regulates blood volume
- acid/base balance
- regulates RBC production
what are the components of the urinary System
- kidney
- ureter
- bladder
- urethra
what is the function of the reproductive system?
- Production of offspring
what are the components of the reproductive system?
- Gonads
- associated organs
What pathway does the Receptor use for Homeostasis feedback loop?
Afferent Pathway- sends input to control center
what does the Control Center do during the feedback system?
Evaluates the input and keeps things within normal ranges
what is Efferent Pathway ?
pathway to send output if values are outside the normal range
What is the Effector in the feedback system?
The body structure that receives output from the control center and produces response or effect that changes the controlled condition
What is the function of Radiographs (x-rays)
- produces 2-D images
- denser material like bone come out white
- Hollow organs like lungs come out black
what is the function of Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)
- high magnets cause hydrogen to arrange themselves in accordance to the high magnetic fields
- shows high details of soft tissue not bones
- detects tumors and clogged vessels
what is the function of Computed Tomography (CT)
- more details of soft tissue than traditional radio graphs
what is the function of Ultrasound
high frequency sound waves produced by handheld wand reflect off body tissues and are detected by the same instrument
what is the function of Endoscopy?
- involves the visual examinations of the inside of body organs or cavities
what is the function of Radionucleuotide scanning?
- Gamma rays are used to detect collection of injected radioactive substance to certain parts of the body.
- high tissue activity is indicated with intense color of screen
