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A&P I > Ch 4 The Tissue Level Of Organization > Flashcards

Ch 4 The Tissue Level Of Organization Flashcards

1
Q

Groups of cells that are similar to each other in the structure and function

A

Tissues

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2
Q

Fluid material between the cells of a tissue

A

Matrix aka Extracellular Matrix

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3
Q

Thin watery (mostly blood plasma) with no fibers

A

Extracellular Matrix

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4
Q

Gives tissue flexible strength

A

Collagen

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5
Q

Gives tissue the ability to stretch and rebound

A

Elastin

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6
Q

This structure is the contact point between the cell membrane of tissue cells

A

Cell junction

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7
Q

Junction that fuses membranes together

A

Tight junction

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8
Q

The junction that circles around cells like a belt

A

Adhering junctions

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9
Q

The junction that creates stability between cells so they do not separate

A

Desmosomes

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10
Q

The junction that anchors cells to basement membrane and not other cells

A

Hemidesmosomes

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11
Q

The junction that is not actually connecting but allow for muscles and nerve impulses to spread as a big unit

A

Gap junction

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12
Q

Tissue that covers and lines the body’s cavity

A

Epithelial Tissue

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13
Q

what is Epithelial Tissue primary function?

A
  • Protection
  • Absorption
  • Filtration
  • Secretion
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14
Q

what tissue is avascular

A

Epithelial Tissue

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15
Q

cells that are flat and scalelike

A

squamous

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16
Q

cells are as tall as they are wide like a cube

A

cuboidal

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17
Q

cells are taller than they are wide (like a column)

A

Columnar

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18
Q

single layer of cells of the same shape are classified as?

A

Simple

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19
Q

Classified by many layers of cells; named for the shape of the cells in the outer layer

A

Stratified

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20
Q

which layer is the most important & it is used for being named

A

The top layer

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21
Q

Characteristics of simple squamous

A
  • thing layer of flat cells
  • Thinnest of all epithelium
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22
Q

what is the function of simple squamous

A
  • gas exchange in lungs
  • Blood filtration in kidneys
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23
Q

what is the characteristics of simple cuboidal

A
  • Cubed
  • Single layer
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24
Q

where is simple cuboidal found

A
  • glands
  • kidney tubules
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25
Q

what is the function of simple cuboidal

*think of buckets

A
  • absorbs water and electrolytes
  • Secrete enzymes and hormones
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26
Q

Characteristics of simple columnar epithelium

A
  • single layer of column shaped cells
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27
Q

Where is Simple Columnar epithelium found

A

The lining of the digestive tract

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28
Q

what is the function of Simple Columnar epithelium

A
  • Protection
  • Absorption
  • Secretion
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29
Q

what is the characteristics of Psuedostratified Columnar Epithelium

A

Single layer of column Shaped Cells but appear to have multiple layers

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30
Q

where is psuedostratified Columnar epithelium found

A

Found in large ducts of glands and male urethra

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31
Q

what is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A
  • Absorption
  • Secretion
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32
Q

Characteristics of Stratified squamous epithelium

A
  • Several Layers under a single layer of flat squamous
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33
Q

where is the location of Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Superficial layer of the skin

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34
Q

what is the function of Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A

Protection from sunlight and bacteria

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35
Q

Characteristics of Stratified Columnar Epithelium

A
  • Single layer of columnar cells that appear multi-layered
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36
Q

Characteristics of Stratified Columnar Epithelium

A
  • Single layer of columnar that appears multilayered
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37
Q

The name for the top layer surface of epithelial is called

A

Apical Surface

38
Q

Location of Stratified Columnar Epithelium

A
  • Urethra
  • Excretory Ducts of large glands
39
Q

what is the function of Stratified Columnar Epithelium

A
  • Protection
  • secretion
40
Q

Characteristics of Transitional Epithelium

A

modified version of stratified squamous epithelium

41
Q

where is Transitional Epithelium found

A

body organs that need to stretch or expand

  • Bladder
42
Q

What are the two types of Glandular Epitheliums?

A
  • Exocrine Glands
  • Endocrine Glands
43
Q

The gland that has ducts that leads to the outside of the body

  • Sweat, Mucous, Salvia
A

Exocrine Glands

44
Q

This gland usually goes into fluid like blood, like hormones

A

Endocrine Glands

45
Q

what type of epithelium are Glandular Epithelium

A

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

46
Q

What organ does both functions of endocrine and exocrine glands

47
Q

Most abundant type of tissue from all 4 types

A

Connective Tissue

48
Q

where is connective tissue found

A
  1. Skin
  2. Membranes
  3. Muscles
  4. Bones
  5. Nerves
  6. All internal organs
49
Q

Fiber of the Extracellular Matrix that resists pulling/stretching and allows flexibility without breaking

50
Q

Fiber of the Extracellular Matrix that adds strength/stability and helps tissue return to original shape after being stretched

51
Q

Fiber of the Extracellular Matrix that supports and strengthens and provides immunity

52
Q

what are the fibers of the Extracellular Matrix

A

Collagen

Elastin

Reticular

53
Q

what are the 8 connective tissues

A
  1. Loose
  2. Adipose
  3. Reticular
  4. Dense
  5. Elastic
  6. Cartilage
  7. Bone
  8. Blood
54
Q

Characteristics of Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue

A
  • Mostly widely distributed
  • Contains collagen and elastin
55
Q

Characteristics of Adipose Tissue

A
  • Subcutaneous layer
  • Fat Tissue
  • Insulates the body from heat loss
56
Q

Characteristics of Reticular Tissue

A
  • Thin, delicate, web of interwoven reticular (collagen) fiber
  • Forms a framework for lymphoid tissue in the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow
57
Q

Characteristics of Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

A
  • Thick bundles of collagen fibers packed closely together
58
Q

Locations of Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

A
  • Tendons
  • Ligaments
  • Capsules → eyeballs, kidney, liver
  • Fascia → Too much stretch leads to stretch marks
59
Q

Characteristics of elastic

A
  • Allow for stretching and recoil to original shape
60
Q

where is elastic connective tissue found

A
  • Walls of vessels, arteries, or bronchial tubes
61
Q

Characteristics of Cartilage

A
  • Matrix not hard as bone
  • Made by chondrocytes
62
Q

Characteristics of Cartilage

A
  • Matrix not hard as bone
  • Made by chondrocytes
63
Q

What are the 3 types of Cartilage

A
  1. Hyaline - most abundant
  2. Elastic
  3. Fibrous- strongest type of cartilage
64
Q

Characteristics of Bone

A
  • Hardest of all connective tissue
  • Formed by osteocytes
65
Q

Characteristics of blood

A
  • Its a liquid tissue
  • Components:
    • Plasma
    • RBCs
    • WBCs
    • Platelets
66
Q

Reversed prompt

  • Mostly widely distributed
  • Contains collagen and elastin
A

Characteristics of Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue

67
Q

Reversed prompt

  • Subcutaneous layer
  • Fat Tissue
  • Insulates the body from heat loss
A

Characteristics of Adipose Tissue

68
Q

Reversed prompt

  • what connective tissue Is a Thin, delicate, web of interwoven reticular (collagen) fiber & Forms a framework for lymphoid tissue in the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow
A

Characteristics of Reticular Tissue

69
Q

Reversed prompt

  • what is the connective tissue that is thick bundles of collagen fibers packed closely together
A

Characteristics of Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

70
Q

Reversed prompt

  • what connective tissue allows for stretching and recoil to original shape
A

Characteristics of elastic

71
Q

Reversed prompt

  • what is the Matrix not hard as bone but is Made by chondrocytes
A

Characteristics of Cartilage

71
Q

Reversed prompt

what is the Hardest of all connective tissue and is Formed by osteocytes

A

Characteristics of Bone

72
Q

Which structure reduces friction during organ movement, lines bodies cavities, and covers the inner surface of organs

73
Q

what are the 3 types of epithelial membrane

A
  1. Cutaneous
  2. Serous
  3. Mucous
74
Q

Which membrane is composed of various types of tissue but does NOT have epithelial cells

A

Connective Tissue Membranes

75
Q

what are the 2 layers of Serous Membrane

A

Epithelial sheet of simple squamous cells with a basement layer of connective tissue

76
Q

What membrane lines the body’s cavity and covers the surfaces of organs in those cavities

A

Serous Membrane

77
Q

Which membrane contains epithelial and fibrous connective tissue layers

A

Mucous Membrane

78
Q

Which membrane lines the body’s surface that are open directly to the exterior of the body

A

Mucous Membrane

79
Q

This membrane forms Synovial Joints

A

Connective Tissue Membrane

80
Q

what is a fluid filled sac between moving body parts called?

81
Q

Which type of muscle is found in the walls of viscera and walls of blood vessels

A

Smooth Muscles

82
Q

which muscle type is involuntary and has a striated appearance

A

Cardiac Muscle

83
Q

Type of tissue that is long, slender, and is referred as fibers

A

Muscle Tissue

84
Q

Which Nervous Tissue structure transmits electrical signals between brain and spinal cord

85
Q

Which nervous tissue structure supports and takes care of the the neuron

86
Q

Structure of Neuron that contains nucleus

87
Q

Structure of Neuron that transmits signal away from the cell body

88
Q

Structure of Neuron that Carry impulses toward the cell body

89
Q

This cell junction helps epithelial surface resist separation during various contractile activities, as when food moves through the digestive tract

A

Adhering Junction

90
Q

This cell junction inhibits the passage of substances between cells and prevents the content from these organs from leaking into the blood or surrounding tissue

A

Tight Junction

A&P I (13 decks)

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