Ch. 4 - Sensation and Perception Flashcards
Sensation represents…
data coming in through sensory neurons— process of detecting, converting and transmitting raw sensory data from external to internal
Perception consists of…(3)
the selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input
What Influences Perception(2)
- Biological
* Psychological
Transduction is the process of…
turning sensory input into neural signal that the brain can use to perceive
Absolute threshold is the..
minimum stimulation to detect a stimulus 50% of the time
Subliminal is something that you…
Has a short/long term affect
something that you detect less than 50% of the time— short term effect
Something with Just noticeable difference has…
minimal change in stimulus that can just barely be detected
Sensory adaptation implies..
decreased sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus so that you are not overwhelmed— selective attention
Vision is…
transforming light into neural signals
Light is the…
form of electromagnetic radiation that travels as a wave moving at the speed of light
Iris is the… that reacts to…(3)
colored muscle that reacts to intensity of light, drugs, emotion (psychological state),
Pupil acts to…
regulates the amount of light that passes into the rear chamber of the eye— regulated by the iris
The Lens is… and is responsible for…
a transparent eye structure that focuses light rays falling on the retina— responsible for focusing the eye (change of shape)
Defects in the lens cause.. (2)
- Nearsightedness
* Farsightedness
Nearsightedness implies that…
close objects are seen clearly but distant objects appear blurry— because the focus of light from distant objects falls a little short of the retina— when light is bent too much or the eyeball is too long
Farsightedness means that…
distant objects are seen clearly but close objects appear blurry— because the focus of light from close objects falls behind the retina— occurs when the eyeball is too short
Retina is the… and acts to…(3)
neural tissue lining the inside back surface of the eye— absorbs light, processes images, and sends visual information to the brain
Optic disk is the… also known as the…
the hole through which the axons that run from the retina to the brain converge and exit the eye— known as the blind spot
Fovea is the…
greatest visual activity is present at this spot
Rods
specialized visual receptors that play a key role in night vision and peripheral vision— 100 times more sensitive than cones to dim light
Dark adaptation is the process…
process in which the eyes become more sensitive to light in low illumination— as time passes you need less and less light to see (complete in 30 min)
Light adaptation is the process…
process in which eyes become less sensitive to light in high illumination
Receptive field of a visual cell is the…
the retinal area that, when stimulated, affects the firing of that cell
Optic chiasma is the… and ensures…
point at which the axons from the inside half of each eye cross over and then project the opposite half of the brain— ensures signals from both eyes go to both hemispheres of the brain
Feature detectors are…
neurons that respond selectively to very specific features of more complex stimuli