Ch. 1 - History, Areas, and Connections Flashcards

1
Q

Psychology comes from (2)

A

psyche (soul) and logos (study of a subject)

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2
Q

Wundt mounted a campaign to…
And was characterized as the…
And declared…

A
  • mounted a campaign to make psychology an independent discipline rather than simply the interaction between physiology and philosophy
  • The founder of psychology
  • Declared the field should be a science modeled after physics or chemistry
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3
Q

Structuralism is based on the notion that…

A

the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related

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4
Q

Structuralism is used to identify (3)

A

sensations, feelings, and images

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5
Q

Introspection is the

A

careful systematic self-observation of one’s own conscious experience

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6
Q

Functionalism is not the ___ but the ___

A

not how but WHY

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7
Q

Functionalism was introduced by

A

William James

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8
Q

Freud introduced the idea of…

A

unconscious/psychodynamic perspective

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9
Q

Pavlov looked at…

A

how people make associations

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10
Q

Watson studied…

A

behaviorism

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11
Q

Freud’s idea can be related after what eras and why?

A

After WW1 & WW2 when soldiers returned with shellshock (PTSD)

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12
Q

Behaviorism looks at…

A

the need to study what is measurable/observable

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13
Q

Radical behaviorism is the idea that…

A

there is a reason and purpose for everything, no free will, someone must be in charge of reinforcement/punishment

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14
Q

Radical behaviorism is related to who?

A

Skinner

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15
Q

Humanism is the idea that… and emphasizes…

A
  • people are different and special

- emphasizes on personal growth and realizing potential

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16
Q

Clinical psychology is a branch of psychology concerned with…

A

diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems

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17
Q

Cognition refers to the…

A

mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge and influences… that our mental process significantly influence our behavior

18
Q

Biological perspective is…

A

much of human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of the brain structures and biochemical process that allow organisms to behave

19
Q

Individualistic cultures are

A

“me-oriented” and goals tend to be make people like them, feel different/separate from others, winners/losers, self assured

20
Q

Collectivist culture is…

A

connected/defined by others, shouldn’t stand out, all supposed to rise

21
Q

Evolutionary psychology examines…

A

behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for members of the species over the course of many generations

22
Q

Positive psychology uses (2) to…

A

theory and research to better understand positive, adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human existence

23
Q

Psychology is the science that studies…

A

behavior and the physiological and cognitive process that underlie behavior

24
Q

Developmental psychology looks at…

A

human development across lifespan and change over time

25
Q

Social psychology focuses on…

A

interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces on governing behavior

26
Q

Educational psychology studies how…

A

people learn and the best ways to teach them

27
Q

Health psychology is how…

A

psychological factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of physical health and the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness

28
Q

Physiological psychology is…

A

influence of genetic factors on behavior and the role of the brain, nervous system, endocrine system, and bodily chemicals in the regulation of behavior

29
Q

Experimental psychology focuses on (6)

A

sensation, perception, learning, conditioning, motivation, and emotion

30
Q

Cognitive psychology focuses on (7)

A

Memory, reasoning, information processing, language, problem solving, decision making, and creativity

31
Q

Psychometrics is the…

A

measurement of behavior and capacities usually through tests

32
Q

Personality psychology is concerned with factors that…

A

shape personality and with personality assessment

33
Q

Human factors in psychology are…

A

developing products for the way people think/act

34
Q

Organizational psychology is…

A

enhancing the work quality of life

35
Q

Clinical psychology is the…

A

evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals with psychological disorders as well as less severe behavioral and emotional disorders

36
Q

Counseling psychology the…

A

work with people struggling with everyday problems of moderate severity

37
Q

Social work is used to

A

help manage life better

38
Q

Industrial and organizational psychology runs…

A

human resources departments, improve staff morale and attitudes, increase job satisfaction, examine organizational structures and procedures, and make recommendations for improvement

39
Q

Industrial and organizational psychology is the connection between (2)

A

psychology and the business world

40
Q

School psychology uses…

A

tests and work with children having difficulties in school and aid their parents and teachers in solving school relating problems