Ch. 4 Ground Rules of Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Energy

A

the capacity to do work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

energy when objects are in motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Potential Energy

A

stored energy (in chemical bonds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thermodynamics (1st Law)

A

study of energy and energy transfer involving physical matter. Quantity of energy stays the same.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Second law of thermodynamics

A

energy disperses spontaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Metabolism

A

Chemical reactions that take place in living organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Metabolic pathway

A

a set of chemical reactions that involves the building, rearranging, or breaking down organic molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Catabolic pathways

A

generate energy by breaking down larger molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anabolic pathways

A

require energy to synthesize larger molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reactant

A

molecule that enters a reaction and is changed by participating in it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Product

A

molecule that is produced by a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Catalyst

A

an agent that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed (used up) during the reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Enzymes

A

protein catalysts in living cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How enzymes lower activation energy

A

Puts a “strain” on the bonds in reactants to make it easier to achieve transition state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Active site

A

pocket in an enzyme where substrates bind and a reaction occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Induced fit

A

enzyme slightly changes shape when substrates bind to it

17
Q

Products

A

outcomes of reaction

18
Q

Most enzymes function maximally in a ______ ____ of temperature and pH

A

narrow range

19
Q

Environmental factors (e.g., pH, temperature, salt) influence an enzyme’s ____ and ________

A

shape, function

20
Q

Competitive inhibition

A

inhibitor binds to active site

21
Q

Noncompetitive inhibition

A

inhibitor binds to allosteric site