Ch 4 Bone structure Flashcards
bone marrow
located in the bones
produces blood cells
joints
gives the skeleton flexibility
skeleton
protects organs and stores minerals
bones
a body organ with a blood supply, nerves, and lymphatic vessels
-called osseous tissue
-formed by ossification
-fetal skeleton made of cartilage
what is cartilage replaced by ?
replaced by osteoblasts that mature into osteocytes
Long bones
longer than wide
i.e femur and humerus
short bones
roughly as long as wide
i.e carpals and tarsals
flat bones
plate shaped
ie. sternum, scapula, pelvis
irregular bones
irregular shape
i.e vertebrae
majority of bones are
long bones
parts of the long bone
diaphysis and epiphysis
diaphysis
central shaft of long bone and contain medullary cavity
epiphysis
wide portion of long bone at either end
articular cartilage
covers epiphysis of the long bone
periosteum
covers rest of the long bone
compact or cortical bone
hard exterior of the bone
found in the epiphysis and diaphysis
cancellous or spongy bone
found inside the bone
has spaces containing red bone marrow
found in some parts of all bones
Processes
projections and depressions of bones
round, smooth processes allows for ?
joint articulation
round processes provides?
muscle attachment points
head
large smooth ball shaped end of long bone
condyle
smooth rounded portion at end of bone
epicondyle
projection above or on a condyle
trochanter
large rough process
tubercle
small rough process
tuberosity
large rough process
sinus
hollow cavity within bone
foramen
smooth opening for nerves and blood vessels
fossa
shallow cavity or depression within a bone
fissure
a slit like opening
