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Biology II > Ch. 33 > Flashcards

Ch. 33 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are animals that lack a backbone?

A

Invertebrates; account for more than 95% of known animal species

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2
Q

Filter feeder,
Mass feeder,
Deposit feeder,
Fluid feeder
are examples of what?

A

Feeding strategies

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3
Q

Subkingdom Parazoa - Phylum Porifera (what animal & four characteristics)

A
  • Sponges
  • Lack tissues
  • Multicellular with several types of cells
  • No apparent symmetry
  • Adults sessile (don’t move), larvae free-swimming
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4
Q

Sponges are ______, capturing food particles suspended in the water that passes through their body

A

filter feeders

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5
Q

In sponges water is drawn through pores ____ a cavity called the _________ and ____ through an opening called the ________.

A

into, spongocoel, out, osculum

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6
Q

What is an opening into a vessel or body cavity?

A

ostium

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7
Q

_______ - main opening at the aboral end

A

Osculum

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8
Q

The cells that create the opening in the sponge are called?

A

porocytes

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9
Q

Coelom means?

A

body cavity

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10
Q

Osculum means

A

mouth

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11
Q

What are the cell types of sponges?

A

Choanocytes and Amoebocytes

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12
Q

What has flagellated collar cells,
generates a water current through the sponge
ingest suspended food

A

choanocytes

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13
Q

What type of cells are totipotent found in the mesohyl that play roles in digestion
manufacture of skeletal fibers - (absorb food from this cell, digest it, and carry it to other cells)

A

amoebocytes

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14
Q

Choano means

A

funnel

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15
Q

Spicules means

A

structural support; meohyle

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16
Q

Sponges reproduce sexually, most _________ produce _____ and _______

A

hermaphrodites, egg, sperm

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17
Q

In sponges where do the gametes come from?

A

amoebocytes or choanocytes

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18
Q

Where does fertilization happen in a sponge?

A

In the mesohyle

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19
Q

When sponges produce asexually it is?

A

Fragmentation, small fragment or bud may deetach and form a new sponge

20
Q

Most sponges exhibit ________ ___________, where they function first as one sex and then as the other?

A

sequential hermaphroditism

21
Q

Subkingdom Eumetazoa, Phylum Cnidaria has what kind of symmetry and how many germ layers?

A

Radial symmetry and are diploblastic (two germ layers which are ectoderm and endoderm)

22
Q

What is the gastrovascular cavity in phylum cnidaria?

A

Extracellular digestion; incomplete gut

23
Q

How many openings function as mouth and anus in gastrovascular cavity?

A

A single opening

24
Q

In phylum cnidaria how are true nerve cells arranged?

A

In a nerve net

25
Q

In phylum cnidaria there are two variations on the body plan, what are they?

A

sessile polyp
motile medusa

26
Q

What has a tubular body with tentacles surrounding opening (mouth and anus)?

A

sessile polyp

27
Q

What has an umbrella-shaped body with a mouth on the underside surrounded by tentacles?

A

motile medusa

28
Q

Sessile means?

A

stuck to one place; attached to a substrate

29
Q

Polyp means?

A

A small growth with a stalk

30
Q

Motile means?

A

moving or movable

31
Q

Cnidarians are _______ that use tentacles to capture prey

A

carnivores

32
Q

What do cnidocytes contain?

A

nemotocysts

33
Q

The gastrovascular cavity of cnidarians acts as a what?

A

hydrostatic skeleton, against which contractile fibers can work to cause movement

34
Q

Movements of the hydrostatic skeleton are coordinated by a what?

A

noncentralized nerve net

35
Q

Kingdom Animalia, Subkingdom Eumetazoa, Phylum Cnidaria, Class Hydrozoa (water animal)

A

Hydra; water animal
Hydro - water
Zoa - animal

36
Q

Jellyfish classify

A

Kingdom animalia,
Subkingdom eumetazoa,
phylum cnidaria,
class scyphozoa

37
Q

scyph means?

A

cup or can

38
Q

Corals and anemonies; flower animals classify

A

Kingdom Animalia,
Subkingdom Eumetazoa,
Phylum Cnidaria
Class Anthozoa

39
Q

What kind of relationships do coral and algae form because they form a secrete hard exoskeleton?

A

symbiotic relationship

40
Q

Phylum Ctenophora contain what kind of animals?

A

Comb jellies

41
Q

Cneto means

A

comb

42
Q

phora means

A

bearer

43
Q

What phylum are organisms that have long tentacles without stinging cells in?

A

Phylum cnetophora

44
Q

In phylum Cnetophora there are colloblasts what are they?

A

They secrete sticky substance

45
Q

What does having a complete gut mean?

A

Mouth and anus

46
Q
A

Biology II (10 decks)

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