Ch. 32 Bio

Question 1

What are the 8 characteristics of animals?

Answer 1

1. Multicellular
2. Heterotroph
3. Cells lack cell walls
4. Most have nerves, muscles, capacity to move at some point in the life cycle
5. Ability to reproduce sexually
6. Specialized sensory structures and nervous system
7. Cells exist in extensive extracellular matrix
8. Unique cell junctions

Question 2

When classifying animals what are the morphological and developmental features used?

Answer 2

1. Presence or absence of different tissue types
2. Type of body symmetry
3. Number of germ layers
4. Presence or absence of a true body cavity
5. Patterns of embryonic development

Question 3

What do para- and zoa- mean?

Answer 3

Para- means along side
Zoa- animals

Question 4

Under tissues (1) what are all animals classified under?

Answer 4

Metazoa

Question 5

What subkingdom are animals in if they have no specialized tissues or organs? (1)

Answer 5

Parazoa

Question 6

What is a subcategory of parazoa?

Answer 6

Sponges; bearing pores

Question 7

What subkingdom are animals in if they have more than one type of tissue and organs?

Answer 7

Eumetazoa

Question 8

Meta- means?

Answer 8

After or along with; Change

Question 9

Eu- means?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What are the three types of symmetry that an animal can have?

Answer 10

No symmetry
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry

Question 11

What type of symmetry do Eumetazoa have?

Answer 11

Radially symmetrical (Radiata) or
Bilaterally symmetrical (Bilateria)

Question 12

What kind of ends do bilateral animals have?

Answer 12

Cephalization
Dorsal
Ventral (Ends)

Question 13

How many germ layers do bilateral animals have?

Answer 13

3 germ layers;
eco-
meso-
edoderm

Question 14

What sides do radial animals have?

Answer 14

Oral and aboral sides

Question 15

How many germ layers do radial animals have?

Answer 15

2 germ layers; ecto-, endoderm

Question 16

lateral means?
cephal- means?

Answer 16

side to side
head

Question 17

Bilateria are ______

Answer 17

triploblastic - 3 germ layers

Question 18

Radiata are ______

Answer 18

diploblastic - 2 layers

Question 19

Cell layers develop during ______?

Answer 19

Gastrulation

Question 20

What is the inner layer of a germ layer called?

Answer 20

endoderm

Question 21

What is the outer layer of the germ layer called?

Answer 21

ectoderm

Question 22

The _______ is the 3rd germ layer in bilateral animals?

Answer 22

Mesoderm, it can form muscles and most other organs

Question 23

What are the steps in order to get in the cell cycle to get to gastrulation?

Answer 23

Zygote ->
Cleavage ->
8 cell stage (Morula) ->
Cleavage ->
Blastula (hollow ball) ->
Gastrulation ->

Question 24

Arche - means
Entero - means

Answer 24

old, primative
intestine

Question 25

In gastrulation the cell separates into?

Answer 25

Endoderm
Ectoderm
Archenteron
Mesoderm
Blastopore

Question 26

When the body cavity is completely lined with mesoderm ?

Answer 26

True coelom (coelomate)
worms

Question 27

When coelom is not completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm?

Answer 27

Pseudocoelom
(pseudocoelomates)
nematode

Question 28

When there is a lack of a body cavity entirely?

Answer 28

Acoelomates
flatworm

Question 29

In embryonic development what has
-spiral cleavage
- cleavage determinate
- blastopore becomes mouth

Answer 29

Protostome

Question 30

In embryonic development what has
-radial cleavage
- cleavage is indeterminate (plurpotent stem cells)
- blastopore becomes anus

Answer 30

Deuterostome

Question 31

A ______ is sexually immature and morphologically distinct from the adult

Answer 31

larva

Question 32

A larva eventually undergoes ________ to become a juvenile

Answer 32

metamorphosis

Question 33

Most animals share a unique family of developmental genes called?

Answer 33

Hox genes
-Regulate the development of body form

Question 34

Evolutionists say - Although the Hox family of genes has been _____ _______, it can produce a wide diversity of animal morphology

Answer 34

highly conserved

Question 35

What is another clade of bilaterian invertebrates?

Answer 35

Lophotrochozoa

Question 36

Some lophotrochozoans have a feeding structure called a _________

Answer 36

lophophore