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nurs 345: children > ch 32: toddlers: 1-3 yo > Flashcards

ch 32: toddlers: 1-3 yo Flashcards

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1
Q

what age is the toddler years?

A

12 - 36 months / 1-3 yo

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2
Q

what is this age period known for? what are the toddlers doing so much?

A

environmental explorations

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3
Q

how fast (or slow) do toddlers gain weight?

A

toddlers gain weight 4-6 lbs per year

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4
Q

how much should their weight be by 2 & 1/2 yo?

A

should be quadrupled

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5
Q

how fast does their height grow?

A

3 inches per year

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6
Q

what parts of their body grow super fast?

A

their legs

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7
Q

if their legs grow faster than their trunk, what can that result into?

A

clumsiness!

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8
Q

what kind of graph can we compare to in terms of a toddlers growth?

A

more step-like , not linear

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9
Q

what is an acceptable vision grade for a toddler?

A

20/40

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10
Q

what are the rest of senses doing?

A

using and developing by exploring the environment

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11
Q

in the toddler stage, what is happening the most of the physiologic systems?

A

most physiological systems are matured by the end of toddlerhood

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12
Q

can a toddler maintain body temperature?

A

yes

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13
Q

in toddlerhood, how is their elimination (pooping?)

A

they should be able to maintain it

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14
Q

how often do toddlers get infections?

A

6-8 times per year

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15
Q

what are common infections that toddlers get?

A

UR infections, otitis media & tonsillitis

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16
Q

what about a toddlers skin?

A

their skin defense mechanisms are intact

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17
Q

around what age do toddlers have a refinement of coordination?

A

2-3 yo

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18
Q

around what age do they have improved manual dexterity?

A

12 to 15 months

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19
Q

when can toddlers throw a ball?

A

18 months

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20
Q

what gross & fine motor skills can a toddler do by age of 12 months?

A
  • gross: walking
  • fine: refined pincer grasp
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21
Q

what gross & fine motor skills can a toddler do by 18 months?

A
  • gross: throws overhand
  • fine: builds a 3-4 block tower
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22
Q

what gross & fine motor skills can a toddler do by 24 months?

A
  • gross: can go downstairs 1 at a time
  • fine: imitate drawing a circle
23
Q

what gross motor skill can a toddler do by 36 months?

A

go up & down stairs with alternating feet

24
Q

what should you as a nurse do if a toddler is not able to go up and down the stairs with alternating feet?

A

assess for vision problems

25
Q

what stage of Erikson is a toddler in?

A

autonomy vs shame & doubt –> they have a lot of negativism

26
Q

what stage of Piaget is a toddler in?

A

sensorimotor & preoperational

27
Q

what develops rapidly b/w 12 - 24 months?

A

cognitive processes

28
Q

as cognitive processes develop, what also starts to develop?

A
  • spiritual development –> always asking “why”
  • body image
29
Q

what age do toddlers recognize gender differences?

A

2 yo

30
Q

when is gender identity formed? what do they do that shows that they understand gender roles?

A

3 yo –> playing house

31
Q

on their bodies, what do toddlers explore?

A

their genitalia

32
Q

in terms of language, by age 1 yo what can a toddler do?

A

form 1 word sentences

33
Q

in terms of language, by age 2 yo what can a toddler do?

A

form multi word sentences

34
Q

how does a toddler comprehend things?

A

by “literally”

35
Q

toddlers want to start doing things independently, what skills do they want to try?

A

feeding, playing, dressing & undressing self

36
Q

as independence skills are increased, what behaviors would we see?

A

determined, strong-willed & volatile behaviors

37
Q

how are toddlers feelings in relation to others?

A

they develop concern for the feelings of others

38
Q

what is super important in terms of other toddlers?

A

interaction! play is very important

39
Q

what types of play do toddlers do?

A
  • parallel play
  • imitation
  • tactile
40
Q

what is parallel play?

A

when children play next to each other but do NOT interact with each other

41
Q

what is imitation play?

A

when a child copies another person

42
Q

what is tactile play?

A

children exploring an object with the hands –> engages the sense of touch

43
Q

what should you do as a nurse when a toddler has temper tantrums?

A
  • wait it out
  • make sure they are safe
  • ignore attention seeking behavior
44
Q

are temper tantrums a normal part of childhood?

A

yes!

45
Q

when are temper tantrums a sign of other problems?

A
  • if the child is less than 1 yo or more than 4 yo
  • behavior is aggressive or violent
  • it occurs regularly in school
  • if they have sleep or feeding issues, breathing holding, or fainting
46
Q

how do you know when a toddler is ready to toilet train?

A

should be able to stay dry for more than 2 hours
- waking up dry
- they have the fine motor skills to remove clothing
- they want to please parents in going to the bathroom
- they are curious about adult toilet habits
- they hate wet or soiled diapers

47
Q

what should toddlers be eating?

A

finger foods – foods that can move with them

48
Q

what should you talk about as a nurse about safety promotion & injury prevention?

A
  • motor vehicle safety
  • drowning (only need 1 inch to drown)
  • burns
  • accidental poisoning
  • falls
  • aspiration & suffocation
  • bodily injury
49
Q

what are common poisons toddlers can accidently get?

A
  • cosmetics & skin care
  • medications
  • household cleaners
  • foreign bodies miscellaneous substances
50
Q

what are some of the causes of lead poisoning?

A
  • paint
  • melting pipes together
51
Q

what does lead poisoning look like?

A

hyperactivity –> looks like adhd

52
Q

where do kids usually get screened?

A

at school

53
Q

what is the therapeutic management of lead poisoning?

A

chelation therapy: sticks to metal and leaves through urine

54
Q
A

nurs 345: children (23 decks)

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