Ch. 25 Urinary system Flashcards
What do ureters do?
Transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
The kidneys activate vitamin __
D
Are kidneys a major excretory organ?
Yes
The Kidneys regulate total _____ volume and total _____ concentration in water
water; solute
The kidneys regulate ___ concentrations in extracellular fluid
ion
How do the kidneys maintain the body’s internal environment?
Ensuring long-term acid-base balance, excreting metabolic wastes, toxins, and drugs…and producing EPO and renin(regulates RBC production)
The kidneys carry out _________ if needed
gluconeogenesis
What other parts are included in the urinary system besides the kidneys?
Ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
The _____ transports urine out of the body
urethra
The _____ transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
ureters
The _____ ____ is the temporary storage reservoir for urine
urinary bladder
____ _____ is the condition in which one or both kidneys drop to a lower position
renal ptosis
What can cause renal ptosis?
Can be caused by a loss of surrounding fatty tissue capsule that holds kidneys in normal position (seen with emaciation or rapid weight loss)
What are the three distinct regions of the internal kidneys?
Renal cortex, renal medulla, and renal pelvis
The ____ _____, a distinct region of the internal kidney, is a granular-appearing superficial region
renal cortex
The _____ ____ is deep to the cortex and is composed of cone shaped medullary (renal) pyramids
renal medulla
______ are the structural and functional units that form urine
nephrons
What are the structural and functional units that form urine called?
Nephrons
How many nephrons are in each kidney?
> 1 million per kidney
What are the two main parts of the nephrons?
The renal corpuscle and the renal tubule
What are the two parts of the renal corpuscle?
The glomerulus and the glomerular capsule(also called bowman’s capsule)
_______ functions to increase sodium reabsorption
Aldosterone
–add image of glomerulus
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–add image of afferent arteriole
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