Ch. 24 - Animal Evolution, Diversity, and Behavior Flashcards
1
Q
invertebrate
A
- animal that lacks a backbone, or vertebral column
2
Q
chordate
A
- animal that has for at least one stage of its life, a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, a notochord, a tail that extends beyond the anus, and pharyngeal pouches
3
Q
vertebrate
A
- animal that has a backbone
4
Q
feedback inhibition
A
- process in which a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus; also called negative feedback
5
Q
radial symmetry
A
- body plan in which any number of imaginary planes drawn through the center of the body could divide it into equal halves
6
Q
bilateral symmetry
A
- body plan in which a single imaginary line can divide the body into left and right sides that are mirror images of each other
7
Q
zygote
A
- a fertilized egg
8
Q
coelom
A
- body cavity lined with mesoderm
9
Q
cephalization
A
- concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the anterior end of an animal
10
Q
cartilage
A
- type of connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than bone
11
Q
tetrapod
A
- vertebrate with four limbs
12
Q
hominoid
A
- group of anthropoids that includes gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans
13
Q
opposable thumb
A
- thumb that enables grasping objects and using tools
14
Q
bopedal
A
- term used to refer to two-foot locomotion
15
Q
behavior
A
- manner in which an organism reacts to changes in its internal condition or external environment
16
Q
society
A
- group of closely related animals of the same species that work together for the benefit of the group
17
Q
kin selection
A
- theory that states that helping relatives can improve an individual’s evolutionary fitness because related individuals share a large proportion of their genes
18
Q
comminication
A
- passing of information from one organism to another
19
Q
language
A
- system of communication that combines sounds, symbols, and gestures according to a set of rules about sequence and meaning, such as grammar and syntax
