Ch. 23 - Plant Structure and Function Flashcards
1
Q
epidermis
A
- in plants, single layer of cells that makes up dermal tissue
2
Q
meristem
A
- regions of unspecialized cells responsible for continuing growth throughout a plant’s lifetime
3
Q
taproot
A
- the primary root found in some plants that grows longer and thicker than the other roots
4
Q
fibrous root
A
- part of a root system in which roots branch to such an extent that no single root grows longer than the rest
5
Q
Casparian strip
A
- waterproof strip that surrounds plant endodermal cells and is involved in the one-way passage of materials into the vascular cylinder in plants roots
6
Q
node
A
- part on a growing stem where a leaf is attached
7
Q
vascular bundle
A
- clusters of xylem and phloem tissues in stems
8
Q
primary growth
A
- pattern of growth that takes place at the tips and shoots of a plant
9
Q
secondary growth
A
- type of growth in dicots in which the stems increase in thickness
10
Q
mesophyll
A
- specialized ground tissue found in leaves; performs most of a plant’s photosynthesis
11
Q
stoma
A
- small opening in the epidermis of a plant that allows carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf
12
Q
transpiration
A
- loss of water from a plant through its leaves
13
Q
guard cells
A
- specialized cell in the epidermis of plants that controls the opening and closing of stoma
14
Q
capillary action
A
- tendency of water to rise in a thin tube
15
Q
hormone
A
- chemical produced in one part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism
16
Q
target cell
A
- cell that has a receptor for a particular hormone
17
Q
receptor
A
- on or in a cell; specific protein to whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
18
Q
auxin
A
- regulatory substance produced in the tip of a growing plant that stimulates cell elongation and the growth of new roots
19
Q
apical dominance
A
- phenomenon in which the closer a bud is to the stem’s tip, the more its growth is inhibited
20
Q
tropism
A
- movement of a plant toward or away from stimuli
21
Q
phototropism
A
- tendency of a plant to grow toward a light source
22
Q
gravitropism
A
- response of a plant to the force of gravity
23
Q
thigmotropism
A
- response of a plant to touch
24
Q
photoperiodism
A
- plant response to the relative lengths of light and darkness
