Ch. 22 - Plants Flashcards
1
Q
alternation of generations
A
- life cycle that has two alternating phases – a haploid (N) phase and diploid (2N) phase
2
Q
sporophyte
A
- spore-producing plant; the multicellular diploid phase of a plant life cycle
3
Q
gametophyte
A
- gamete-producing plant; multicellular haploid phase of a plant life cycle
4
Q
bryophyte
A
- group of plants that have specialized reproductive organs but lack vascular tissue; includes mosses and their relatives
5
Q
vascular tissue
A
- specialized tissue in plants that carries water and nutrients
6
Q
archegonium
A
- structure in plants that produces eggs
7
Q
antheridium
A
- male reproductive structure in some plants that produces sperm
8
Q
sporangium
A
- spore capsule in which haploid spores are produced by meiosis
9
Q
tracheophyte
A
- vascular plant
10
Q
tracheid
A
- hollow cell in xylem with thick cell walls strengthened by lignin
11
Q
zylem
A
- vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant
12
Q
phloem
A
- vascular tissue that transports solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis throughout the plant
13
Q
seed
A
- plant embryo and a food supply encased in a protective covering
14
Q
gymnosperm
A
- group of seed plants that bear their seeds directly on the scales of cones
15
Q
angiosperm
A
- group of seed plants that bear their seeds within a layer of tissue that protects the seed; also called flowering plant
16
Q
pollination
A
- transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female reproductive structure
17
Q
ovule
A
- structure in seed cones in which the female gametophytes develop
18
Q
ovary
A
- in plants, the structure that surrounds and protects the seeds
19
Q
fruit
A
- structure in angiosperms that contains one or more matured overies
20
Q
cotledon
A
- first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant
21
Q
monocot
A
- angiosperm with one seed leaf in its ovary
22
Q
dicot
A
- angiosperm with two seed leaves in its ovary
23
Q
embryo sac
A
- female gametophyte within the ovule of a flowering plant
24
Q
double fertilization
A
- process of fertilization in angiosperms in which the first event produces the zygote and the second, the endosperm within the seed
25
Q
endosperm
A
- food-rich tissue that nourishes a seedling as it grows
26
Q
vegetative reproduction
A
- method of asexual reproduction in plants, which enables a single plant to produce offspring that are genetically identical to itself
27
Q
dormancy
A
- period of time during which a plant embryo is alive but not growing
28
Q
germination
A
- resumption of growth of the plant embryo following dormancy
