Ch. 21-22

Question 1

safavid dynasty

Answer 1

originally a turkic nomadic group, the family originated from a sufi mystic group. regimesupported shi’ism and lasted until 1722, on the territory equivalent to modern Iran.

Question 2

Mughal empire

Answer 2

established by Babur in India in 1526, became weak after the early 18th century.

Question 3

Mehmed II

Answer 3

Ottoman sultan “conqueror” who conquered Constantinople and destroyed the remains of the byzantine empire.

Question 4

janissaries

Answer 4

ottoman infantry divisions that dominated ottoman armies, forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered balkan areas, legal slaves, used their military service to gain political power, esp. after the 15th century.

Question 5

vizier

Answer 5

equivalent of the abbasid wazir, heading the bureaucracy and having more control that the sultan after the 15th century.

Question 6

Sail al-Din

Answer 6

early 14th century sufi mystic, began campaign to purify Islam, first member of the Safavid dynasty.

Question 7

Red Heads

Answer 7

name given to Safavid followers bc of their red headgear

Question 8

Isma’il

Answer 8

first safavid to be proclaimed Shah (emperor), conquered the city of Tabriz in 1501

Question 9

Charldiran

Answer 9

Site of battle between safavid and ottomans in 1514, with the safavid severely defeated

Question 10

Abbas the Great

Answer 10

safavid ruler who greatly extended safavid territory, incorporating western military technology, and creating russian slave regiments that would later monopolize the firearms within the armies

Question 11

imams

Answer 11

(shi’ism) rulers who could trace descent from the successors of Ali

Question 12

mullahs

Answer 12

local mosque officials and prayer leaders within the safavid empire who were supervised/agents of the religious campaign to convert all of population to shi’ism.

Question 13

isfahan

Answer 13

capital of the safavid empire under Abbas the Great, ex. of their architecture

Question 14

Nadir Khan Afshar

Answer 14

dude who proclaimed himself shah after fall of the safavid empire in 1722, ran a short-lived lil empire

Question 15

babur

Answer 15

founder of the mughal dunasty, invading india in 1526

Question 16

humayan

Answer 16

son a successor of babur, expelled (1540) and then restored mughal rule

Question 17

Akbar

Answer 17

son and successor of humayan, built the military and admin system, pursued cooperation with hindu princes, attempted to create new reconciliation religion

Question 18

Aurangzeb

Answer 18

Religiously zealous successor to Shah Jahan, last emperor of Mughals

Question 19

Nur Jahan

Answer 19

amassed power in court and created powerful faction of male relatives that dominated mughal empire

Question 20

mumtaz mahal

Answer 20

wife of shah jahan, took active role in the gov., entombed in the taj mahal

Question 21

marattas

Answer 21

western india peoples who rebelled against mughal control early in 18th century

Question 22

sikhs

Answer 22

sect in NW india who had originally tried to bridge muslim-hindu relations but persecution later led to anti-muslim feelings.

Question 23

Batavia

Answer 23

dutch fortress located in Java

Question 24

Luzon

Answer 24

north philippines island, conquered by the spanish and site of major missionary effort

Question 25

Mindadao

Answer 25

south island of philippines, a muslim kingdom that successfully resisted spanish conquest.

Question 26

robert di nobili

Answer 26

missionary jesuit dude in india, top down, no no

Question 27

hongwu

Answer 27

first ming emperor, originally a peasant, drove out the mongols, restored scholar gentry.

Question 28

Chongzhen

Answer 28

last of the ming emperors, committed suicide in 1644

Question 29

Oda nobunaga

Answer 29

japanese daimyo, first to make extensive use of firearms, unified much of central Honshu

Question 30

hideyoshi

Answer 30

power hungry dude, successor of oda nobunaga, made series of alliancces that made him military master of japan

Question 31

Ieyasu okugawa

Answer 31

vassal and successor of hideyoshi, granted title of shogun in 1603, est. political unity in japan

Question 32

deshima

Answer 32

only port open to foreigners, the chinese and dutch

Question 33

school of national learning

Answer 33

new ideology like japan so unique, look at our history, goodbye confucianism + other chinese imported ideas, 18th century japan, lol we did so much by ourselves, mmhmm.