CCOT

Question 1

What emperor was ruling around the time that Champa rice was introduced into China?

Answer 1

Emperor Zhengzhong

Question 2

When was Champa rice introduced to China? How?

Answer 2

widespread in 1012, when Emperor Zhengzhong took it from Fujian and gave it to the Yangtze and Huanghe river valley regions, which had been in drought. Originally introduced from the Champa Kingdom in central Vietnam

Question 3

What WHC affected the introduction of Champa Rice into southern China?

Answer 3

During the classical era, India had spread much of its culture and technologies, including Champa rice, to regions of SE Asia, including central Vietnam. The Champa Kingdom had experienced it’s most prosperous age in the 10th century CE, and was beginning to feel pressure from the considerably more sinified northern kingdom of Da Co Viet

Question 4

What is the background info leading up to the change agent?

Answer 4

• Tang Dynasty and Song flourish, once again asserting China as the primary power in Asia.
• in particular, Tang expansion = greater contact and exchange with other Asian countries, including Champa in Vietnam, yielding the introduction on this species.
• growing population spurned imperial interest in more productive agriculture, particularly after the drought.

Question 5

format for Change Agent + Results paragraph

Answer 5

A- evidence
B- evidence
A- Evidence of change
B- Evidence of change
C- Reasons for change

Question 6

Results/Changes

Answer 6

• implementation of double/triple cropping and complex irrigation systems + step terrace farming
• short term end to population crisis
• increased migration southward (precursor to the South Song dynasty).
• greater population (triple, double)
• greater economic stability –> ability to facilitate changes in currency
• healthier peasantry class –> better recovery from the Bubonic plague (FACILITATES CONTINUITIES!!!)

Question 7

Reasons for changes

Answer 7

Champa rice had extremely high productivity and strength as a staple crop, with no dependence on daily light exposure, drought resistance, and early ripening (130 days)

Question 8

Continuities

Answer 8

• substantial percentage of the population remains farmers –> increased population leads to continued need for many farmers.
• centralized government/bureaucracy dominated by scholar-gentry , for the most part continuous
• relative self-sufficiency – ethnocentricity of Ming Dynasty

Question 9

Outline of the Intro Paragraph

Answer 9

China 600-1450 CE, Tang and Song Dynasty flourished, Ming dynasty big international contacts.
Starting in 618 CE, for the next two hundred years the Tang would expand China to the largest territory it would ever have, reasserting “Middle Kingdom”.
Tributary system –> Champa rice –> stable agri economy, healthy peasant class, facilitated continuity of the confucian scholars + bureaucracy

Question 10

Change Agent:

Answer 10

It is no surprise, then, that the Champa Kingdom participated in China’s expansive tributary system, gifting among other things, Champa rice, a crop that more than solve Emperor Zhengzhong’s future drought crisis.

Question 11

reasons for Continuities

Answer 11

• crop is so productive that a substantial number of farmers is still needed to supply the growing urban populations
• growing rice is labor intensive, needs lots of farmers
• because peasants are well fed, they are happy and do not overthrow the gov, leading to continued centralization and relevance of a scholar-gentry class.

Question 12

when did the Tang Dynasty overtake the Sui?

Answer 12

618 CE

Question 13

when did the Song dynasty overtake the Tang?

Answer 13

960 CE

Question 14

when did the bubonic plague hit China?

Answer 14

1330’s