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Dermatology Mayo > Ch 20 Skin Tumors > Flashcards

Ch 20 Skin Tumors Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Benign Epidermal Tumors

A

Wart, Cutaneous Horn, Epidermal Nevus, Melanoxytic Nevus, SK, Achrocordon, Epidermal/Pilar Cyst, Milia, CDNH

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2
Q

Benign Dermal Tumors

A

Lipoma, Hemangioma, PG, Glomus Tumor, DF, Neuroma, Neurofibroma, Keloid, Lymphocytoma Cutis, Mastocytosis

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3
Q

Malignant Epidermal

A

MM, SCC, BCC, Pagets

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4
Q

Malignant Dermal

A

DFP, Kaposi Sarcoma, Lymphoma, Mets

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5
Q

ENGLAND (Painful umors)

A

Eccrine spiradenoma, Neuroma, Glomus, Leiomyoma, Angioma, Neuroma, DF

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6
Q

Melanocytic Nevi

A

Congential are larger and darker with hair, contain a possibblity of malignant transformation
-Most childhood nevi start as junctional then turn into compound and finally into dermal

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7
Q

Spitz Nevus

A
  • Often redder, grows rapidly and then stops or involutes

- Histology will show spindle shaped malignant appearing melanocytes in the epidermis with edema

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8
Q

Atypical Nevi Mutation

A

CDNK2A, P16

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9
Q

BCC

A
  • Most commonly in hedgehog pathway
  • Gorlin syndrom
  • Generally nodular, can be superficial, cicatricial, pigemnted
  • Mohs for large lesions (1cm) cicatricial, or on sensitive areas
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10
Q

SCC

A

Most commonly P53 mutations, Ferguson-Smith is congenital

  • Palpate local nodes , mohs for high risk
  • Bowens is SCCIS
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11
Q

KA

A
  • Can’t tell difference unless get whole slide histologically
  • often on face and often involute
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12
Q

Malignant Melanoma Genetics and Risk Factors

A

CDKN2A (P16), CDK4 also phenotype and sun exposure

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13
Q

Clinical Features

A

Begin with superficial spreading or radial growth phase before nodular invasive phase

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14
Q

Types

A
  • Lentigo maligna: Melanocyte proliferation confined to the epidermis, may track down hair follicles
  • Lentigo Maligna Melanoma: Breaks into the dermis
  • Superficial Spreading: Most common, has a long radial growth phase
  • Acral: Palms and soles
  • Nodular: Skips the radial growth phase and goes straight to invasive
  • Amelanotic: Diagnostic quandry
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15
Q

Staging

A 
I- Depth less than .75
Ib-.75-1.5
IIA-1.5-4
IIB/III-Nodal Mets
IV-Widely metastatic
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16
Q

Clark Level

A 
Epidermis is I
Papillary dermis is 2
Reticular Dermis is 3
Deep dermis is 4
Sub Q is 5
17
Q

Breslow Depth

A

Measured from granular layer to depth of tumor

18
Q

Dx

A

Excisional biopsy is required to get full appearance of tumor

19
Q

Tx

A

Margins must be clear 1cm for each mm of invasion up to 3cm. 2mm=2cm etc.

  • Chemo can be darbazine
  • Most common met location is the lung
20
Q

Pagets

A

Adenoma that invades into the epidermis

21
Q

Benign Dermal Malformations, don’t resolve

A

-Salmon Patch (Exception)
-Capillary (PWS)
-AV
Klippel Trelawny - hypertrophy
-Parkes Weber - PWS with no neurologic

22
Q

Hemangiomas involute

A

(Strawberry)
Superficial, Deep and mixed
-May require treatment if interferes with eye or other
-Steroids or others may be used

23
Q

Signs of poor prognosis in Melanoma

A
  • Depth
  • Age greater than 50
  • Males worse than females
  • Ulceration is poor prognosis
24
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma

A

-Acquired vascular malformatoin often follows trauma

25
Q

Lymphocytoma Cutis

A

B cell proliferation in the dermis leads to violet/purple nodule, benign

26
Q

Mastocytosis

A
  • Rubbing or toughing will lead to urticaria/welt
  • Comon in childern and spontaneously resolve
  • Can measure tryptase in adult form
27
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

A
  • HHV8 induced vascular tumor
  • In mediteranians
  • Or immunosupressed
28
Q

CTCL

A
  • CD30+ T helper cells proliferate in the dermis
  • Patch stage is early shows atypical rash shape
  • Plaque stage shows more bizzare appearing T cells and will show pauterier microabcesses
  • Nodule stage late and can become sezeary
29
Q

Complicatoins of CTCL

A
  • Sezeary- extension of malignant cells into the blood stream
  • Anaplastic Large CD30 is large nodules that rapidly develop, often involute rapidly
30
Q

CTCL Tx

A

UVB and PUVA are first line

  • Oral retinoids and alpha interferon also
  • Can use extracorporeal photophoresis for sezeary
31
Q

DFP

A

-Malignant tumor of fibroblasts that begins as DF but enlarges and turns purple or blue

32
Q

Hodgkins

A

-Causes massive pruritis

33
Q

Mets

A

Most commonly breast Ca, and often appear on the scalp

34
Q

Nevus Sebaceous

A

-Can lead to BCC rarely

Dermatology Mayo (26 decks)

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