ch 20, 21, 22

Question 1

cystitis

Answer 1

inflammation of the urinary bladder

Question 2

Hormone that causes Na+ and water resorption

Answer 2

Aldosertone

Question 3

this hormone is secreted when there are low levels of oxygen

Answer 3

erythropoietin

Question 4

where do the calcyes receive urine from

Answer 4

collecting ducts

Question 5

functional unit of the kidney

Answer 5

nephron

Question 6

hormone that affects blood volume

Answer 6

Aldosterone

Question 7

consequence of a diminished GFF (glomerular filtration rate)

Answer 7

Oliguria

Question 8

Hypernatremia

Answer 8

elevated serum level of sodium

Question 9

Hypokalemia

Answer 9

low potassium level

Question 10

Cation that is stored in the bones and teeth

Answer 10

calcium

Question 11

an indication of dehydration

Answer 11

skin turgor

Question 12

urine specific gravity measures

Answer 12

hydration status in the body

Question 13

The ion that determines pH

Answer 13

hydrogen

Question 14

a condition that occurs if output is greater than intake

Answer 14

dehydration

Question 15

the chief extracellular cation

Answer 15

Na+ (sodium)

Question 16

an elevated serum creatinine level most indicative of

Answer 16

kidney failure

Question 17

urinary tract is lined with

Answer 17

mucous membranes

Question 18

another term for micturation

Answer 18

urination

Question 19

what is the inner portion of the kidney called

Answer 19

renal medulla

Question 20

what is the outermost layer of the kidney called

Answer 20

renal cortex

Question 21

what two structures make up the renal corpuscle

Answer 21

Bowman’s/renal capsule, glomerulus

Question 22

what is the absence of urine called

Answer 22

anuria

Question 23

which kidney is located higher in the retroperitoneal space

Answer 23

left kidney

Question 24

glycosuria is a failure in what

Answer 24

glucose reabsorption

Question 25

Aldosterone is secreted from where

Answer 25

adrenal cortex

Question 26

what is the process by which material in the nephron moves back into the blood

Answer 26

reabsorption

Question 27

what hormones decrease urine production

Answer 27

ADH and aldosterone

Question 28

name of structure that carries urine out of the kidney

Answer 28

ureter

Question 29

what are the body mechanisms used for regulating pH of its fluids

Answer 29

- buffer mechanism in blood - respiratory mechanism - urinary mechanism

Question 30

name of space where kidneys are located

Answer 30

retroperitoneal space

Question 31

condition when kidneys produce urine but bladder cannot empty urine

Answer 31

urinary retention

Question 32

ADH is released from where

Answer 32

pituitary gland

Question 33

functions of the urinary system

Answer 33

producing and excreting urine from the body

Question 34

layers of the kidney

Answer 34

renal cortex(outer) renal medulla (inner)

Question 35

part of kidney that is expansion of the upper end of the ureter

Answer 35

renal pelvis

Question 36

which urinary structure is part of the urinary system and circulatory system

Answer 36

glomerulus

Question 37

juxtaglomerular apparatus does when to the body when releasing an enzyme

Answer 37

restores normal blood volume and blood pressure

Question 38

glycosuria

Answer 38

glucose in urine

Question 39

filtration

Answer 39

passes through membrane

Question 40

reabsorption

Answer 40

out of kidney tubules back into blood

Question 41

secretion

Answer 41

from bloodstream to filtrate

Question 42

hormones that affect urinary system

Answer 42

ADH, ANH, Aldosterone

Question 43

organs in the urinary system

Answer 43

2 kidneys, 2 ureters,1 bladder, 1 urethra

Question 44

functional unit that creates urine

Answer 44

nephrons

Question 45

different urinary disorders

Answer 45

- hydronephrosis: enlargement of renal pelvis - renal calculi/kidney stones - Tumors - Utis - pyelonephritis: pelvis nephritis

Question 46

3 ways kidney creates urine

Answer 46

filtration, reabsorption and secretion

Question 47

types of urinary incontinence

Answer 47

stress, overflow, reflex

Question 48

excessive thirst

Answer 48

polydipsia

Question 49

most effective regulators for blood pH

Answer 49

kidneys

Question 50

hilium of the kidney

Answer 50

gateway for entry and exit of blood by blood vessels, ureters and nerves

Question 51

hydronephrosis

Answer 51

excess fluid in kidneys due to backup of urine

Question 52

body mechanics for regulating pH of fluids

Answer 52

buffer system respiratory system urinary system

Question 53

oliguria

Answer 53

urine output below normal