ch 20, 21, 22 Flashcards
cystitis
inflammation of the urinary bladder
Hormone that causes Na+ and water resorption
Aldosertone
this hormone is secreted when there are low levels of oxygen
erythropoietin
where do the calcyes receive urine from
collecting ducts
functional unit of the kidney
nephron
hormone that affects blood volume
Aldosterone
consequence of a diminished GFF (glomerular filtration rate)
Oliguria
Hypernatremia
elevated serum level of sodium
Hypokalemia
low potassium level
Cation that is stored in the bones and teeth
calcium
an indication of dehydration
skin turgor
urine specific gravity measures
hydration status in the body
The ion that determines pH
hydrogen
a condition that occurs if output is greater than intake
dehydration
the chief extracellular cation
Na+ (sodium)
an elevated serum creatinine level most indicative of
kidney failure
urinary tract is lined with
mucous membranes
another term for micturation
urination
what is the inner portion of the kidney called
renal medulla
what is the outermost layer of the kidney called
renal cortex
what two structures make up the renal corpuscle
Bowman’s/renal capsule, glomerulus
what is the absence of urine called
anuria
which kidney is located higher in the retroperitoneal space
left kidney
glycosuria is a failure in what
glucose reabsorption
Aldosterone is secreted from where
adrenal cortex
what is the process by which material in the nephron moves back into the blood
reabsorption
what hormones decrease urine production
ADH and aldosterone
name of structure that carries urine out of the kidney
ureter
what are the body mechanisms used for regulating pH of its fluids
- buffer mechanism in blood
- respiratory mechanism
- urinary mechanism
name of space where kidneys are located
retroperitoneal space
condition when kidneys produce urine but bladder cannot empty urine
urinary retention
ADH is released from where
pituitary gland
functions of the urinary system
producing and excreting urine from the body
layers of the kidney
renal cortex(outer)
renal medulla (inner)
part of kidney that is expansion of the upper end of the ureter
renal pelvis
which urinary structure is part of the urinary system and circulatory system
glomerulus
juxtaglomerular apparatus does when to the body when releasing an enzyme
restores normal blood volume and blood pressure
glycosuria
glucose in urine
filtration
passes through membrane
reabsorption
out of kidney tubules back into blood
secretion
from bloodstream to filtrate
hormones that affect urinary system
ADH, ANH, Aldosterone
organs in the urinary system
2 kidneys, 2 ureters,1 bladder, 1 urethra
functional unit that creates urine
nephrons
different urinary disorders
- hydronephrosis: enlargement of renal pelvis
- renal calculi/kidney stones
- Tumors
- Utis
- pyelonephritis: pelvis nephritis
3 ways kidney creates urine
filtration, reabsorption and secretion
types of urinary incontinence
stress, overflow, reflex
excessive thirst
polydipsia
most effective regulators for blood pH
kidneys
hilium of the kidney
gateway for entry and exit of blood by blood vessels, ureters and nerves
hydronephrosis
excess fluid in kidneys due to backup of urine
body mechanics for regulating pH of fluids
buffer system
respiratory system
urinary system
oliguria
urine output below normal
