ch 16 + 17

Question 1

which gland is responsible for T cell development

Answer 1

thymus gland

Question 2

abnormally enlarged spleen

Answer 2

splenomegaly

Question 3

organs of lymphatic system

Answer 3

lymph nodes, thymus, tonsils and spleen

Question 4

steps of inflammatory process

Answer 4

1. bacteria enters tissue
2. tissue damage occurs
3. inflammation mediators released
4. signals molecules then shows signs of inflammation

Question 5

term for lymphatic vessel inflammation

Answer 5

lymphangitis

Question 6

what does most of the work for immune system

Answer 6

white blood cells

Question 7

elephantiasis

Answer 7

severe lymphedema of limbs

Question 8

what causes elephantiasis

Answer 8

parasite infestation of lymphatic vessels

Question 9

function of the spleen

Answer 9

phagocytosis of bacteria and old red blood cells; serves as reservoir

Question 10

phagocytosis

Answer 10

ingestion + digestion of bacteria of foreign particles by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans

Question 11

most often seen with body wide inflammatory response

Answer 11

fever

Question 12

lymphedema

Answer 12

abnormal condition in which tissues exhibit swelling because of accumulation of lymph

Question 13

what can impair the exchange of gases between blood circulation and inhaled air

Answer 13

thick mucous secretions in alveoli

Question 14

what is in lower respiratory tract

Answer 14

trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

Question 15

what is in upper respiratory tract

Answer 15

nose, pharynx, larynx

Question 16

purpose of mucous membranes of respiratory tract

Answer 16

air purification, trapping dust and pollen

Question 17

cellular respiration

Answer 17

use of oxygen cells in the process of metabolism

Question 18

most important respiratory control centers for regulating breathing

Answer 18

medulla oblongata located in brainstem

Question 19

location of chemoreceptors

Answer 19

carotid and aortic bodies

Question 20

conditions that is the progressive and irreversible obstruction of expiratory airflow

Answer 20

COPD

Question 21

molecules of immune system

Answer 21

antibodies, cytokines, complement proteins

Question 22

complement proteins

Answer 22

group of proteins enzymes normally presented in an active state of blood

Question 23

where do B cells develop

Answer 23

liver and bone marrow

Question 24

function of the epigottis

Answer 24

trapdoor; closes off larynx during swallowing and preventing food and liquids from entering trachea

Question 25

infections of upper respiratory system

Answer 25

rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis

Question 26

rhinitis

Answer 26

nasal inflammation

Question 27

pleurisy

Answer 27

inflammation of parietal pleura, characterized by difficulty in breathing and stabbing pain

Question 28

what happens during a hemothorax

Answer 28

presence of blood in the pleural space

Question 29

what stimulated the diaphragm to all its contraction

Answer 29

phrenic nerves

Question 30

what keeps alveoli from collapsing

Answer 30

surfactant

Question 31

Eupnea

Answer 31

normal breathing

Question 32

hyperventilation

Answer 32

rapid and deep respirations

Question 33

hypoventilation

Answer 33

slow and shallow respirations

Question 34

dyspnea

Answer 34

labored or difficult respirations

Question 35

arthopnea

Answer 35

dyspnea relieved by moving into an upright position

Question 36

apnea

Answer 36

stopped respirations

Question 37

cheyne-stokes

Answer 37

cycles of apnea and hyperventilation

Question 38

respiratory arrest

Answer 38

failure to resume breathing after a period of apnea

Question 39

innate immunity is also called

Answer 39

nonspecific

Question 40

adaptive immunity is also called

Answer 40

specific

Question 41

lymph fluid is returned to blood circulation through

Answer 41

right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Question 42

hemoglobin

Answer 42

carries the largest amount of oxygen in the blood