ch 18 +19

Question 1

what is the uvula

Answer 1

downward projection of soft palate, prevents food and liquid from entering nasal cavities

Question 2

where is uvula located

Answer 2

back of the mouth

Question 3

type of tissue that lines digestive tract

Answer 3

epithelium

Question 4

location of gallbladder

Answer 4

under surface of liver

Question 5

different parts of large intestine

Answer 5

cecum, colon: ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid

Question 6

name of smooth muscle layer of digestive tract

Answer 6

mascularis mucosa

Question 7

two hormones secreted by pancreas

Answer 7

insulin and glucagon

Question 8

peristalsis

Answer 8

series of wave like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract

Question 9

what connects to the duodenum

Answer 9

the stomach

Question 10

what digestive organ secrete digestive enzymes

Answer 10

pancreas

Question 11

what prevents gastric juices from getting into the esophagus

Answer 11

lower esophageal sphincter

Question 12

what prevents food and liquid from entering nasal cavity

Answer 12

uvula

Question 13

what intestinal enzyme digest carbohydrates

Answer 13

amylase

Question 14

order of segments of small intestine from stomach to large intestine

Answer 14

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 15

order in which waste material passes through large intestine

Answer 15

ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid

Question 16

catabolism (breakdown of protein) results in what waste product

Answer 16

urea

Question 17

end product of fat digestion

Answer 17

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 18

malignant hypothermia can occur when a person recieves

Answer 18

dantrolene (dantrium)

Question 19

causes of stomach cancer

Answer 19

excessive alcohol consumption, use of chewing tobacco, eating smoked and heavily preserved food, alid H pylori infecton

Question 20

difference between mechanical and chemical digestion

Answer 20

• mechanical: breaks ingested food into tiny particles; mouth when food is chewed
• chemical: breaks down large, nonabsorbable NUTRIENT molecules into smaller absorbable molecules

Question 21

chyme

Answer 21

tiny particles of food mixed with gastric juices forming semisolid mixture

Question 22

only hormone able to reverse hyperglycemia

Answer 22

insulin

Question 23

which vitamin in body is unable to store

Answer 23

water soluble vitamins; B + C

Question 24

condition that results from a diet that is sufficient in calories but deficient in protein

Answer 24

kwashiorkor

Question 25

causes of hepatitis

Answer 25

heavy alcohol use, toxins, drugs, medical conditions, parasite infection

Question 26

3 consecutive phases of glucose catabolism

Answer 26

1. glycolysis 2. citric acid cycle (krebs) 3. electron transport system (ETS)

Question 27

marasmus

Answer 27

form of advanced PCM, overall lack of calories and proteins. Characterized by progressive wasting of muscle and subcutaneous tissue

Question 28

regulating centers for appetite is located in

Answer 28

hypothalamus

Question 29

scurvy

Answer 29

inability of the body to manufacture and maintain collagen fibers; vitamin deficiency can lead to this

Question 30

difference between macronutrients and micronutrients

Answer 30

-macronutrients: form bulk of diet carbs, lipids, proteins -micronutrients: vitamins and minerals

Question 31

what affects a persons basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 31

how much work someone does, amount of activity

Question 32

which vitamins are stored in liver for later use

Answer 32

A,D,E,K

Question 33

cone shaped structure hanging down from soft palate

Answer 33

uvula

Question 34

what bones are part of he hard palate

Answer 34

maxillary and palatine bones

Question 35

most common diseases of the mouth and teeth

Answer 35

tooth decay or dentals cavities

Question 36

different salivary glands

Answer 36

parotid glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands

Question 37

which part of the stomach may prevent the diaphragm from moving downward and cause difficulty breathing

Answer 37

fundus

Question 38

what may result if untreated gallstones block the bile ducts

Answer 38

choledocholithiasis

Question 39

what are the autoimmune diseases of digestive system

Answer 39

ulcerative colitis, crohn's diseases, celiac disease, diverticulitis

Question 40

protein digestion begins where

Answer 40

stomach

Question 41

most fat digestion occurs in which organ

Answer 41

small intestine

Question 42

mumps is involved in which salivary gland

Answer 42

parotid

Question 43

which duct drains bile from gallbladder

Answer 43

hepatic ducts

Question 44

you listen for _____ when you put the stethoscope to patients abdomen

Answer 44

peristalsis

Question 45

chief organ of drugdetoxification

Answer 45

liver

Question 46

parts of the stomach

Answer 46

fundus, the body, and pylorus

Question 47

mucous membrane surrounded by smooth muscle tissue

Answer 47

digestive system

Question 48

mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Answer 48

digestion

Question 49

the site of absorption for most end products of digestion

Answer 49

small intestine

Question 50

what is a type of yeast called candida

Answer 50

cause of thrush or oral candidasis

Question 51

pharynx is term used for throat, what are the subdivisons

Answer 51

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 52

this may occur is hepatic duct is blocked

Answer 52

jaundice (yellowing of the skin and sclera of the eyes)

Question 53

digestive tract muscle layer responsible for peristalsis

Answer 53

muscularis

Question 54

malignant hyperthermia

Answer 54

inherited condition that causes rise in body temp during surgery and can be fatal

Question 55

vitamin that aids in calcium absorption

Answer 55

vitamin D

Question 56

part of brain responsible for thermoregulation

Answer 56

hypothalamus

Question 57

must be obtained from diet

Answer 57

essential amino acids

Question 58

part of digestive system where sigmoid is located

Answer 58

large intestine

Question 59

glucagon can be given as an injection to

Answer 59

increase blood glucose