Ch. 18 & 19 - Autonomic Nervous System Agents

Question 1

adrenergic agonists - drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 1

Sympathomimetics

Question 2

alpha1, alpha2, beta1 & beta2 receptors

Answer 2

Adrenergic Receptors

Question 3

chemical structurs of a substance that can produce a sympathomimetic response

Answer 3

Catecholamines

Question 4

acting on different adrenergic receptors

Answer 4

Nonselective

Question 5

acting on one adrenergic receptor (EX: albuterol)

Answer 5

Selective

Question 6

drugs that block the effects of adrenergic neurotransmitters…“sympatholytics”

Answer 6

Adrenergic Blockers (Antagonists)

Question 7

drugs that block/inhibit a response at the alpha-adrenergic receptor site

Answer 7

Alpha-Blockers

Question 8

drugs that block/inhibit a response at the beta-adrenergic receptor site

Answer 8

Beta-Blockers

Question 9

drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 9

Cholinergic Agonists (“Cholinergics” or “Parasympathomimetics”)

Question 10

neurotransmitter located at the ganglions and the parasympathetic terminal nerve endings

Answer 10

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 11

receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system that stimulate smooth muscle and slow the heart rate

Answer 11

Muscarine Receptors

Question 12

receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system that affect the skeletal muscles

Answer 12

Nicotinic Receptors

Question 13

drugs that act on cholinergic receptors to activate a tissue response

Answer 13

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists

Question 14

drugs that inhibit or inactivate the action of the enzyme cholinesterase (ChE)

Answer 14

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists

Question 15

drugs that inhibit cholinesterase (ChE)

Answer 15

Anticholinesterases (“Cholinesterase Inhibitor” or “Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitors”)

Question 16

enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of choline esters, such as acetylcholinesterase, which catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine to acetic acid & choline

Answer 16

Cholinesterase (ChE)

Question 17

constricting of the pupils of the eyes

Answer 17

Miosis

Question 18

drugs that inhibit the actions of acetylcholine by occupying the acetylcholine receptors

Answer 18

Anticholinergics (“Parasympatholytics or “Cholinergic Blocking Agents”)

Question 19

dilation of the pupils

Answer 19

Mydriasis

Question 20

Actions of Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

Answer 20

vasoconstriction, increase HR, increase BP, dilate pupils (mydriasis), increase bladder & prostate contractions, decrease GI motility, dilate bronchioles, relax uterus, increase blood sugar

Question 21

Uses for Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

Answer 21

anaphylaxis, shock, asthma, congestion (alpha1), decrease BP (alpha2)

Question 22

Actions of Adrenergic Blockers (Sympatholytics)

Answer 22

vasodilation, decrease BP, decrease HR, constrict pupils (miosis), decrease bladder & prostate contractions

Question 23

Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

Answer 23

pulmonary edema, urinary retention, dyspnea, hypertension, tachycardia, palpitations, restlessness, tremors, dysrythmias, dizziness, N&V

Question 24

Uses for Adrenergic Blockers (Sympatholytics)

Answer 24

decrease BP, decrease HR, glaucoma (beta)

Question 25

Side Effects of Adrenergic Blockers (beta blockers)

Answer 25

bradycardia, hypotension, headache, dizziness, cold extremities, dysrythmias, flushing, weakness, impotence, depression, pulmonary edema

Question 26

Actions of Cholinergic Agonists (Parasympathomimetics)

Answer 26

vasodilation, decrease HR, increase perstalsis/salivation, stimulate bladder & GI, constrict pupils (mydriasis), increase neuromuscular transmission

Question 27

Uses for Cholinergic Agonists

Answer 27

Alzheimer's (increased cognitive function), mysthenia, Gravis (increased muscular strength), glaucoma, WMD

Question 28

Side Effects of Cholinergic Agonists

Answer 28

hypotension, bradycardia, blurred vision, excessive salivation, increased gastric secretions, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, dysrythmias

Question 29

Actions of Anticholinergics (Parasympatholytics)

Answer 29

increase HR, decrease peristalsis/salivation, decrease GI motility, dilate pupils, decrease tremors & rigidity of muscles

Question 30

Uses for Anticholinergics

Answer 30

increase HR (atropine), decrease secretions (pre-op), Parkinsonism

Question 31

Side Effects of Anticholinergics

Answer 31

dry mouth, decreased perspiration, blurred vision, tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention