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Pharmacology > Ch. 18 & 19 - Autonomic Nervous System Agents > Flashcards

Ch. 18 & 19 - Autonomic Nervous System Agents Flashcards

1
Q

adrenergic agonists - drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system

A

Sympathomimetics

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2
Q

alpha1, alpha2, beta1 & beta2 receptors

A

Adrenergic Receptors

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3
Q

chemical structurs of a substance that can produce a sympathomimetic response

A

Catecholamines

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4
Q

acting on different adrenergic receptors

A

Nonselective

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5
Q

acting on one adrenergic receptor (EX: albuterol)

A

Selective

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6
Q

drugs that block the effects of adrenergic neurotransmitters…“sympatholytics”

A

Adrenergic Blockers (Antagonists)

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7
Q

drugs that block/inhibit a response at the alpha-adrenergic receptor site

A

Alpha-Blockers

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8
Q

drugs that block/inhibit a response at the beta-adrenergic receptor site

A

Beta-Blockers

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9
Q

drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system

A

Cholinergic Agonists (“Cholinergics” or “Parasympathomimetics”)

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10
Q

neurotransmitter located at the ganglions and the parasympathetic terminal nerve endings

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

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11
Q

receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system that stimulate smooth muscle and slow the heart rate

A

Muscarine Receptors

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12
Q

receptors in the parasympathetic nervous system that affect the skeletal muscles

A

Nicotinic Receptors

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13
Q

drugs that act on cholinergic receptors to activate a tissue response

A

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists

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14
Q

drugs that inhibit or inactivate the action of the enzyme cholinesterase (ChE)

A

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists

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15
Q

drugs that inhibit cholinesterase (ChE)

A

Anticholinesterases (“Cholinesterase Inhibitor” or “Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitors”)

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16
Q

enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of choline esters, such as acetylcholinesterase, which catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine to acetic acid & choline

A

Cholinesterase (ChE)

17
Q

constricting of the pupils of the eyes

A

Miosis

18
Q

drugs that inhibit the actions of acetylcholine by occupying the acetylcholine receptors

A

Anticholinergics (“Parasympatholytics or “Cholinergic Blocking Agents”)

19
Q

dilation of the pupils

A

Mydriasis

20
Q

Actions of Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

vasoconstriction, increase HR, increase BP, dilate pupils (mydriasis), increase bladder & prostate contractions, decrease GI motility, dilate bronchioles, relax uterus, increase blood sugar

21
Q

Uses for Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

anaphylaxis, shock, asthma, congestion (alpha1), decrease BP (alpha2)

22
Q

Actions of Adrenergic Blockers (Sympatholytics)

A

vasodilation, decrease BP, decrease HR, constrict pupils (miosis), decrease bladder & prostate contractions

23
Q

Side Effects of Adrenergic Agonists (Sympathomimetics)

A

pulmonary edema, urinary retention, dyspnea, hypertension, tachycardia, palpitations, restlessness, tremors, dysrythmias, dizziness, N&V

24
Q

Uses for Adrenergic Blockers (Sympatholytics)

A

decrease BP, decrease HR, glaucoma (beta)

25
Q

Side Effects of Adrenergic Blockers (beta blockers)

A

bradycardia, hypotension, headache, dizziness, cold extremities, dysrythmias, flushing, weakness, impotence, depression, pulmonary edema

26
Q

Actions of Cholinergic Agonists (Parasympathomimetics)

A

vasodilation, decrease HR, increase perstalsis/salivation, stimulate bladder & GI, constrict pupils (mydriasis), increase neuromuscular transmission

27
Q

Uses for Cholinergic Agonists

A

Alzheimer’s (increased cognitive function), mysthenia, Gravis (increased muscular strength), glaucoma, WMD

28
Q

Side Effects of Cholinergic Agonists

A

hypotension, bradycardia, blurred vision, excessive salivation, increased gastric secretions, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, dysrythmias

29
Q

Actions of Anticholinergics (Parasympatholytics)

A

increase HR, decrease peristalsis/salivation, decrease GI motility, dilate pupils, decrease tremors & rigidity of muscles

30
Q

Uses for Anticholinergics

A

increase HR (atropine), decrease secretions (pre-op), Parkinsonism

31
Q

Side Effects of Anticholinergics

A

dry mouth, decreased perspiration, blurred vision, tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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