ch 17 pt 1

Question 1

penis malform with an abnormal urethral orifice on the VENTRAL surface & us MC is called _____, while one on the DORSAL surface is _____

Answer 1

hypospadias

epispadias

Question 2

balanitis is inflam of the ____, balanoposthitis is inflam of the ____, and inflam due to an inability to retract prepuce bc of scarring is called ___ (MC acquired, may be congenital)

Answer 2

glans penis
prepuce
phimosis

Question 3

two risk factors of balanitis, phimosis

Answer 3

poor hygiene

uncircumcised

Question 4

95% of penile neoplasms are:

Answer 4

SCC

Question 5

two high-risk HPV’s that increase risk of penile SCC, along with being uncirc, >40yo, poor hygiene

Answer 5

HPV 16

HPV 18

Question 6

penile SCC presents with erythema, pain, abnormal ____ and fails to ____, and are treated with a penectomy

Answer 6

texture

heal

Question 7

hydrocele is an increase serous fluid in the ___ ___, and is the MC cause of scrotal enlargement

Answer 7

tunica vaginalis

Question 8

hydrocele can be diagnosed via ____, to rule out pus, lymph, blood accum

Answer 8

transluminescence

Question 9

chylocele is the accum of lymph, and will occur in ____, via elephantiasis tropica

Answer 9

filariasis

Question 10

failure of testicle to descend, can occur normally in newborns, but MC idiopathic

Answer 10

cryptorchidism

Question 11

risk from cryptorchidism that if occurring by 5-6 yrs can lead to sterility

Answer 11

testicular atrophy

Question 12

cryptorchidism increases risk for testicular CA by:

Answer 12

3-5x

Question 13

____ is inflam of epididymis, MC unilat, while ___ is inflam of testis that presents with pain, bloody ejac, edema

Answer 13

epididymitis

orchitis

Question 14

inflam of epididymis and testis commonly begin as a UTI, but can also be from these two infections

Answer 14

mumps virus

TB (caseous granulomas)

Question 15

TESTICULAR TORSION (of spermatic cord) causes engorgement, acute pain, and occurs in neonates but MC in adults with:

Answer 15

bell-clapper deformity (INCREASES mobility)

Question 16

MC demographic for testicular neoplasia, which has a generally good prognosis

Answer 16

15-34 yo

Question 17

___% of testicular neoplasia pt have cryptorchidism, and those with a brother who had CA have a ____ increased risk

• caucasians, CA in other teste
• gonadal dysgenesis, androgen insensitivity

Answer 17

10%

8-10x

Question 18

sex cord-stromal tumors are benign, but _____ are malignant and come in two types, seminomas and nonseminomatous

Answer 18

germ cell tumors (GCT)

Question 19

the malignant germ cell tumors can form from precancerous ______ ___ __ neoplasia

Answer 19

intratubular germ cell

Question 20

50% of GCTs are _____, which occur in pt 40-50 yo and have a favorable prognosis

Answer 20

seminomas

Question 21

• seminoma has large ___ cells with ___ borders, uniform and round nuclei
• lesions are soft, gray-white, with ____ borders

Answer 21

round
distinct
well-demarcated

Question 22

type of nonseminomatous GCT that is invasive, and seen in 20-30 year olds, has indistinct cell borders

Answer 22

embryonal carcinoma (lance armstrong)

Question 23

nonseminomatous GCT that is large, seen in pt AGE 3, favorable

Answer 23

yolk sac tumor

Question 24

nonseminomatous GCT that is a small mass, age 20-30, with INCREASED hCG 100% of the time

Answer 24

choriocarcinoma

Question 25

nonseminomatous GCT that is a firm mass that invades ALL 3 germ cell layers in all ages

Answer 25

teratoma

Question 26

embryonal carcinoma tumor cells have _____, indisctinct borders, and the lesion is ____ and bloody

Answer 26

undifferentiated

hemorrhagic

Question 27

_____ tend to be well contained and radiosensitive, but ______ GCT are more aggressive and can mets via lymph and blood

Answer 27

seminoma

nonseminomatous

Question 28

in general, testicular CA has a ____, non-translucent mass that is treated with a radical ____ and there is assumed malignancy

Answer 28

painless

orchiectomy