ch 11 pt 1

Question 1

formation and development of blood cells

Answer 1

hematopoiesis

Question 2

extramedullary hematopoiesis can mets to these 4 locations

Answer 2

spleen
liver
lymph nodes
thymus

Question 3

rupture of RBC, releases hemoglobin into circ

Answer 3

hemolysis

Question 4

erythrocyte (RBC) production increased if needed

-compensatory hyperplasia of rbc stem cells in red bone marrow

Answer 4

erythropoiesis

Question 5

immature RBC (1-3% of them in circ)

Answer 5

reticulocyte

Question 6

increased RBC in circulation

Answer 6

polycythemia

Question 7

deficiency of rbc is anemia, with prevalence in the US __% of men and __% of women

Answer 7

4%

8%

Question 8

anemia prod tissue hypoxia, with increased ______ via kidneys and increased ____ from renal fibrolasts

Answer 8

erythropoiesis

erythropoietin

Question 9

pallor, fatigue, weakness (lassitude, decreased growth, osseous abnorm, cachexia, jaundice, gallstones can all occur with:

Answer 9

anemia

Question 10

____ anemia can follow burns, internal GI injuries, diarrhea, gyno probs, and puts a pt at risk for hypovolemic shock if >20% BV is lost

Answer 10

hemorrhagic

Question 11

in renal hypoxia there is increased EPO, and ___ occurs after 2-3 days, then ____ after 5-7

Answer 11

hemodilution

reticulocytosis

Question 12

chronic blood loss following anemia can deplete iron stores req for ____ synth

Answer 12

hemoglobin

Question 13

___ anemias cause accel rbc destruction

• decreased rbc life span
• increased erythropoiesis
• retention of rbc debris (iron)

Answer 13

hemolytic

Question 14

____ defects are hereditary, inside the cell, and decrease rbc life, leading to hemolytic anemia

Answer 14

intracorpuscular

Question 15

___ defects are AQUIRED, outside the cell, involve rbc trauma or infections

Answer 15

extracorpuscular

Question 16

hemolytic anemia caused by trauma to rbc membrane

-periph blood syst

Answer 16

intravascular hemolysis

Question 17

hemoglobin in urine, can cause jaundice/hemosiderinuria (brown urine due to hb)

Answer 17

hemoglobinuria

Question 18

hemolytic anemia that is MC, and has macrophages in the spleen and liver, rbc damage, antibody opsonization

Answer 18

extravascular hemolysis

Question 19

autosomal dominant mutation with a fragile, abnormal RBC membrane - causing it to be less elastic and therefore sheds pieces
-decreased life span

Answer 19

hereditary spheriocytosis

Question 20

• spherical RBC, after becoming less elastic

- are dark red, lack central pallor

Answer 20

spherocyte

Question 21

treatment for hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 21

splenectomy

Question 22

sickle cell anemia is due to a ___ mutation

Answer 22

B-globin

Question 23

__% of african americans are HETEROzygous or carriers, while 1:____ are HOMOzygous, who have sickle cell anemia, only 50% survive >50 yo

Answer 23

8

600

Question 24

in sickle cell anemia, decreased ___ causes sickling, which causes microvascular ______
-esp in areas of STASIS ie bone marrow, spleen

Answer 24

O2

thrombosis

Question 25

2 symptoms of sickle cell anemia

Answer 25

chronic low-level pain

joint pain

Question 26

lung infections/PE that occurs with sickle cell anemia and can lead to thrombosis eventually

Answer 26

acute chest syndrom

Question 27

___ can occur with sickle cell anemia due to cerebrovascular obstruction

Answer 27

stroke

Question 28

vertebral involvement in sickle cell anemia

Answer 28

H shaped (lincoln log) vertebrae