ch 11 pt 5 Flashcards
___ lymphoma involves b cells and is named for the pattern on the cells
follicular
lymphocytes with abnormal, cleaved nuclei that are involved in follicular lymphoma
centrocytes
follicular lymphoma features generalized lymphadenopathy and is characteristically painless, MC onset is > ___
50 yo
follicular lymphoma has a variable prognosis of 1-20 years (7-9 on ave), but is ____
incurable
____ lymphoma involves b cells, is mc dx >50 yo, is aggressive/poor prognosis and is incurable as it is MC dx in advanced stage
mantle cell
mc lymphoma of adulthood involving large B cells (3-4x size), is ave dx at 60 yo
- previous EBV incr risk
- rapidly fatal
diffuse large b cell lymphoma
diffuse large b cell lymphoma commonly presents outside the nodes, such as in the ____ but with aggressive chemo 80% will remit, 50% cured
GI tract
___ lymphoma involves b cells and MC affects children, esp the facial structures (max/mand) and in african american
burkitt
lymphoma that creates a histological “starry sky” pattern as b cell areas erode away
-one of fastest growing human neoplasms
burkitt
burkitt lymphoma has a good prognosis if tx with:
aggressive chemo
MC (MALIGNANT) plasma cell ca, dx around 70 years and has characteristic punched out osteolytic lesions in skull/bone
-incurable
multiple myeloma
renal failure can occur in multiple myeloma, and is viewed histologically via:
bence-jones proteins
multiple myeloma is dx via bence jones proteins or via a ____ on protein electrophoresis
m spike
top 3 locations of lytic lesions of multiple myeloma
vertebral column
ribs
skull (calvarium)
hallmark feature of hodgkin lymphoma (HL), along with arising from a single node with predictable mets to nearby nodes
reed-sternberg cell (owl eye)
HL is similar to follicular lymphoma in that it has painless ______, but instead infects a ___ node instead of systemic infection like follicular
lymphadenopathy
single
HL presents with night sweats, and the etiology is idiopathic but a previous EBV infx increases the risk 70%, mc demographics for HL are:
males
15-40
>55
___ neoplasms MC affect adults, and are named for the precursor myeloblast involvement giving rise to other cells
myeloid
aggressive poor prognosis leukemia that is avg dx around 50 yo and involves immature myeloblasts that displace >20% of bone marrow and cause marrow failure
acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
acute myeloid leukemia features pancytopenia and has a worse prognosis with a history of:
myelodysplastic syndromes
“pre-leukemia” mc dx 50-70 where marrow fills with myeloblasts, 40% transform into AML, pancytopenia with a survival 1-2 yr
myelodysplastic syndromes
GROUP of indolent tumors, hyperplastic myeloid progenitors that retain ability to differentiate but create amt of disporoportionate rbcs
-MC adults 30-50 yo
chronic myeloproliferative d/o
chronic myeloproliferative d/o can spread to other organs and is slowly progressive, potentially causing extreme ___
splenomegaly
____ occurs with chronic myelogenous leukemia, with >100,000 types of cells/uL, MC granulocytes and megakaryocytes
leukocytosis
pt with chronic myelogenous leukemia 95% of the time have the presence of a ____ chromosome, which causes the translocation of ____
philadelphia (Ph)
t(9;22)
if chronic myelogenous leukemia transitions into a ____ phase, it resembles ALLL, has a poor prognosis of only about 3 yr
spent
myeloid neoplasm with panmyelosis, but too many RBCs is most concerning
-dx over 60 yo
polycythemia vera (PCV)
PCV has a point mutation on ____, and involves DECREASED EPO
JAK2
PCV causes multiple organ congestion, pruritis, dysfunctional platelets that uniquely _____
hemorrhage
PCV has a prognosis WITH treatment of __-__ post dx, but without tx it is only ___
10-20
3
myeloid neoplasm with an early spent phase of diffuse marrow fibrosis that leads into hematopoiesis to extramedullary sites, causing massive splenomegaly
-poor prog due to late stage dx
primary myelofibrosis
