Ch. 112 -113: Penis, Prepuce, Prostate Flashcards
De Vlaming JAVMA 2019
Clinical characteristics, classification, and surgical outcome for kittens with phimosis: 8 cases (2009-2017)
- common clinical signs?
- type 1 vs type 2 and treatments?
- Complications?
- Long term follow up results?
Most common CS stranguria 6, preputial swelling 5, small (6) or inevident (2) preputial orifice
Type I (generalized preputial swelling owing to urine pooling) – 6; circumferential preputioplasty
Type II (focal preputial swelling and urine pooling in presence of penile-preputial adhesions) – 2; preputial urethrostomy
No postop complications for kittens with PU, all 6 with CPP had some exposure of tip of penis post-op resolved over time
Last follow up mean 1.4 yr post-op – all 8 patients urinate and no signs of phimosis recurrence
Milgram JSAP 2019
A proposed technique for one-step preputial reconstruction in the dog
- which artery ID’d?
- what injected to ID artery for flap?
- what minor complication?
Superficial br. Of dorsal a. of penis ID fluoroscopically by injecting contrast material into dorsal artery of penis
Artery injected with methylene blue & skin flap created
Methylene blue successful to ID flap, successful in treating clinical case of resection of MCT on prepuce but had small area of full thickness flap necrosis that healed via 2nd intention
Bertran Vet Sx 2021
Penile urethral resection and anastomosis augmentation with regional tissue tension relieving technique: a cadaveric mechanical study and clinical outcome in two dogs
- what tissue for augmentation?
- failure mechanisms?
- conclusion?
AUG group the tunica albuginea was sutured circumferentially with 5-0 monocryl in a simple interrupted pattern
Failure mechanism of AUG was pull-through of the tunic tissue retaining higher loads until the urethral anastomosis was unprotected
Failure mechanism of simple was through tissue tearing of the urethral tissue
The augmentation technique improved the tensile properties of penile RA in normal cadavers and was associated with successful outcomes in two dogs
Yiapanis Vet Sx 2021
Cranial translation of the elevated prepuce in dogs before and after two modifications: a cadaveric study
- modifications?
- mean range of cranial translation after tightening sutures 1-3?
Modification 1: prepuce was tested after elevating it from the ventral body wall, and after sequentially releasing the skin caudal to the prepuce
Modification 2: attachment of the lamina interna to the penis
Maximum mean (range) cranial translation of the prepuce after elevating the prepuce, and after modifications 1 and 2, was 15 mm (5-26 mm), 25 mm (15-30 mm), and 37 mm (24-50 mm), respectively
Ritson JSAP 2023
The indications, complications and outcomes of dogs undergoing partial penile amputation: 10 cases (2014-2021)
- indications for surgery?
- complications for tx of paraphimosis?
- minor complications?
- outcome?
Indications for surgery were treatment of preputial neoplasia (n=5), penile neoplasia (n=1), idiopathic paraphimosis (n=3) and chronic urethritis (n=1)
Two of the three dogs treated for paraphimosis had major postoperative complications requiring further resection of the tip of the penis.
Four dogs (40%) had minor complications managed without surgical intervention.
The outcome was good to excellent in nine of nine dogs for which medium- or long-term follow-up data were available.
Schlake Vet Sx 2020
First robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a client-owned Bernese mountain dog with prostatic adenocarcinoma
- approach
- outcome
DaVinci Si Surgical System through transperitoneal approach with interfascial nerve-sparing approach
Catheter required for 7 days post-op, but after removal urinated normally
Del Magno Vet Sx 2021
Surgical treatment and outcome of sterile prostatic cysts in dogs
- % resolution
- single intra-op complication?
- % major comp?
- % minor comp?
- % recurrence
29 extraparenchymal cysts, 11 intraparenchymal cysts
Resolution in 88%
1 dog had urethral tear intraoperatively
Major complications 7%. Minor complications 25%.
Recurrence 5%
Hafez VSURG 2022
Comparison of leakage pressures of vesicuourethral anastomosis performed with intracorporeal suturing in a simulator and conventional suturing ex vivo in canine cadaveric tissue
conclusion
Leakage pressure not different, number of stitches not different between groups
Culp JAVMA 2021
Procedural description and prospective evaluation of short-term outcome for the use of prostatic artery embolization in dogs with carcinoma of the prostate
- improved clinical signs?
- % volume decrease
Successful in all 20 dogs
4 intraprocedural complications
Tenesmus, stranguria, and lethargy were less common 30 days after PAE compared with before
Median prostatic volume decreased (15 cm vs 22 cm)
Median loss of 40%
Monnet VSURG 2023
Influence of conventional versus unidirectional barbed suture on leakage pressures in canine vesicourethral anastomosis: An ex-vivo study
- does barbed suture impact leakage pressure
- difference in time and # suture bites?
- u-cath needed post-op?
Unidirectional barbed suture does not statistically affect the acute leakage pressure of VUA in normal cadaveric specimen.
It resulted in a shorter surgical time and fewer suture bite placements.
Clinical sig: A urinary catheter will still be required when a unidirectional barbed suture is used to complete a VUA in dogs to prevent extravasation of urine in the postoperative period.
Yang VRU 2023
MRI characteristics of canine prostatic neoplasia
- list most common characteristics
The most consistent characteristics were:
10/10 → Heterogeneous hyperintensity of the tumor on T2-weighted images
10/10 → Short tau inversion recovery images
10/10 → Cavitations & Prostatic capsular margin distortion by the tumor
9/10 → Complete effacement of the prostatic architecture
9/10 → Neurovascular bundle (NVB) compression or invasion
9/10 → Heterogeneous isointensity of the tumor on T1-weighted images
8/10 → Strong contrast enhancement of the tumor
