Ch 11 Social Psych Flashcards
General Adaptation Syndrome
response to stress: alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Prefrontal cortex
planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behavior.
Habituation
brain gets used to a sensation, perception and cognitive level
Proactive interference
old memories win
Algorithm
a patterned solution to solving a problem
conformity
changing one’s own behavior to match the actions of others
Solomon Asch
group line length experiment testing conformity with confederates
social role
pattern of behavior expected of a social position
social facilitation
a positive social influence on someone
obedience
changing behavior after commanded by authority
cognitive dissonance
an emotional discomfort from acting against a belief
groupthink
prioritizing conforming to the group and cohesiveness than considering reality
ethnocentrism
your culture is superior to all others’
prejudice
negative impression of an individual in a social group
discrimination
prejudice impacts treatment
stereotype
a generalized belief/social categorization for an entire group
scapegoating
an out-group target for others’ frustration during conflict
deindividuation
in a group, we feel less like an individual and like there is less personal responsibility; feeling of anonymity
group polarization
when people start discussing in groups, their beliefs become more extreme
Frustration-aggression hypothesis
we display aggressive behavior from frustration
Situational cause
behavior is because of the context of the situation
Dispositional cause
behavior is because of the person’s personality
Implicit personality theory
if someone is happy they are also assumed to be friendly and nice; schemas we have about traits and personality
Fundamental attribution error
over-attributing another’s actions to their disposition than to the situation (must be an ass because he’s driving into my lane)
Actor-observer bias
attributing own actions to situation and another’s actions to disposition
Halo effect
overall feelings about a person impact behavior around them/attitude towards them
Self-serving bias
attributing own actions to situation and another’s actions to disposition
Self-fulfilling prophecy
you and others have certain expectations that you try to fulfill; frequently a negative impact
Social inhibition
in a group, we act differently than we would individually
diffusion of responsibility
creates the bystander effect because we place responsibility on others
mere exposure effect
like things more because we’re exposed to them more
reward theory of attraction
we are attracted to people who are similar to us, close to us, and attractive to us
expectancy-value theory
behavior is based on expectations and value of the goal
prosocial behavior
behavior that we try to encourage; altruism;
Door-in-the-face technique
can i go to italy? no? can I go to the beach?
Foot-in-the-door technique
can I go to the beach? yes?can I take go to italy?
central route persuasion
giving facts that prove a point
peripheral route persuasion
giving details that imply things that don’t prove anything
compliance
changing behavior when asked to by someone without real authority
lowball technique
expectation to stick to a commitment after the cost of the commitment is increased
cult behavior
destroy relationships, exhaustion, immediate loyalty, high exit cost
Stanley Milgram
obedience after being told to shock someone remotely
obedience factors
social identity, proximity, age
ABC components of attitudes
affect/feelings towards something; behavior towards something; cognitive way of thinking about something
attitude formation
from direct contact/instruction; interaction with others; vicarious conditioning
elaboration likelihood model
how likely people are to respond to the central persuasion or peripheral persuasion techniques
impression formation
the forming of the first knowledge a person has about someone
attribution
act of explaining own or others’ behavior
realistic conflict theory
prejudice increases during conflict
stereotype vulnerability
effect of knowledge of stereotypes
overcoming prejudice
equal status contact between groups; overcoming challenges together
triangle theory of love
intimacy, passion, and commitment
conformity and culutre
collectivist cultures conform more to support the group’s needs
social impairment
a negative social influence on someone
Zimbardo
social roles and aggression in prison experiment
Jane Elliot
third grade brown vs blue eyes prejudice
Sherif
robbers cave experiment, intergroup relationships at summer camp
