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Immunity, Infection and Disease > Cestodes > Flashcards

Cestodes Flashcards

1
Q

Scolex

A

Anterior end of tapeworms which functions as an attachment organ using suckers, hooks, or grooves. Serves as site selection anchor

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2
Q

What is the reproductive unit of hermaphroditic tapeworms and what is the term for all these units together?

A

Proglottid. All units together make up the strobila

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3
Q

What hosts are involved in the hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) life cycle

A

Just one host No intermediate hosts

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4
Q

Symptoms of hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) infection

A

Usually asymptomatic. Can have diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, nervous disorders

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5
Q

What is the most frequently detected tapeworm in the US?

A

Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) |S S p750

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6
Q

Intermediate hosts in diphyllobothrium latum

A

Copepods and fresh water fish

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7
Q

Where in the body does diphyllobothrium latum live?

A

Small intestine

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8
Q

What type of organism is hymenolepis nana?

A

Cestode (tapeworm)

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9
Q

What type of organism of diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Cestode (tapeworm)

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10
Q

Symptoms of diphyllobothrium latum infection

A

Usually asymptomatic. Can have diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, pernicious anemia

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11
Q

What type of organism is taenia saginata?

A

Cestode (tapeworm). Also called beef tapeworm

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12
Q

Where in the body do taenia saginata live?

A

Small intestine

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13
Q

How do humans become infected with taenia saginata?

A

Eating infected meat (the larvae (cysticercus) live in cattle muscle

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14
Q

Symptoms of taenia saginata infection

A

Usually asymptomatic, anal discomfort, diarrhea, abdominal cramps

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15
Q

What is the most effective means of diagnosis for taenia saginata infection?

A

Cellophane tape to check for eggs in the perianal area

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16
Q

What type of organism is taenia solium?

A

Cestode (tapeworm). Also called pork tapeworm

17
Q

Where in the body does taenia solium live?

A

Small intestine

18
Q

Where in the body are taenia solium larvae (cysticercus) found?

A

CNS, skeletal muscle or myocardium, subcutaneous tissue, eye, lungs, liver

19
Q

Symptoms of taenia solium infection

A

Can have epileptic seizures, hydrocephalus, strokes when larvae die in brain. Other symptoms less serious

20
Q

Which can be differentiated between taenia saginata and taenia solium, the eggs, proglottids or both?

A

Just the proglottids (eggs appear identical)

21
Q

Treatment options for taenia solium infection

A

Cysticercus - Surgery or chemotherapy, Adults - must expell proglottids in complete form

22
Q

What type of organism is echinococcus granulosus?

A

Cestode (tapeworm). Its hydatid cyst is what causes human disease

23
Q

Where do larvae of echinococcus granulosus live in the body and how do they get there?

A

Swallowed, through intestinal wall to mesenteric venule to lodge in liver (most common), lungs, CNS, bone, or other tissue

24
Q

What is hydatid sand composed of?

A

Multiple hydatid scoleces comprised of parasite-derived internal germinal membrane and host-derived external laminated cuticle

25
Q

How do hydatid cysts of echinococcus granulosus cause disease?

A

Pressure damage to infected organs (they are quite large), also anaphylaxis or metastatic growth when they burst

26
Q

Diagnosis of hydatid cyst of echinococcus granulosus

A

X-ray, CT, intradermal antigen test, serology

27
Q

Treatment options for hydatid cysts of echinococcus granulosus

A

Surgery. If not operable, chemotherapy

28
Q

What are the non-human hosts of hydatid cysts of echinococcus granulosus?

A

Sheep (intermediate), dogs (definitive)

29
Q

How are the hydatid cysts of echinococcus multilocularis different from those of echinococcus granulosus?

A

Those of multilocularis are not capsulated, so they grow and destroy surrounding tissue

30
Q

Main symptoms of hydatid cysts of echinococcus multiolocularis

A

Similar to hepatic or pulmonary carcinoma, jaundice, ascites, splenomegaly, death

31
Q

Treatment options for hydatid cysts of echinococcus multilocularis

A

No surgery. Chemotherapy has limited success

Immunity, Infection and Disease (86 decks)

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