Cerebral Cortex

Question 1

insula

Answer 1

part of frontal lobe

Question 2

brodmanns areas

Answer 2

based on cytoarchitecture

Question 3

broadmans area 3, 1, 2

Answer 3

primary somatosensory cortex

Question 4

brocas area

Answer 4

in left hemisphere frontal lobe

language production

Question 5

wernickes area

Answer 5

in left hemisphere parietal lobe

language comprehension

Question 6

hippocampus

Answer 6

temporal lobe

memory formation

Question 7

occipital lobe

Answer 7

vision

Question 8

primary visual cortex

Answer 8

BA 17

Question 9

meaning of sensory input

Answer 9

multimodal association area

Question 10

aware of sensory input

Answer 10

modality specific assocation area

Question 11

prefrontal cortex

Answer 11

motivation

Question 12

premotor and supplementary motor cortices

Answer 12

motor plan

-put action into an order

Question 13

primary motor cortex

Answer 13

carry out action

Question 14

left hemisphere

Answer 14

dominant

-language

Question 15

right hemisphere

Answer 15

non-dominant

emotion/linguistic content of language

Question 16

prosody

Answer 16

rhythmic or musical aspect of speech

-in right cerebral hemisphere

Question 17

wernickes area location

Answer 17

parts of angular and supramarginal gyrus

BA 22, 40, 39

Question 18

brocas area

Answer 18

parts of pars triangularis and pars opercularis

BA 44, 45

Question 19

speech comprehension

Answer 19

wernickes area

Question 20

speech production

Answer 20

brocas area

Question 21

aphasia

Answer 21

disturbance in language

-include reading and writing

Question 22

receptive aphasia

Answer 22

damage to wernickes area

have fluent speech, but don’t make sense

Question 23

expressive aphasia

Answer 23

damage to brocas area

comprehension okay, but can’t express themselves

often use single words

Question 24

inferior frontal gyrus

Answer 24

production of prosody

motor aprosodia

Question 25

posterior temporoparietal region

Answer 25

comprehension of prosody sensory aprosia

Question 26

motor aprosodia

Answer 26

inability to convey emotion through voice or gesture damage to inferior frontal gyrus

Question 27

sensory aprosodia

Answer 27

inability to comprehend emotional content of speech or gesture damage to temporoparietal region

Question 28

right parietal lobe

Answer 28

spatial attention parietal eye area monitors eye position and visual objects

Question 29

damage of right parietal lobe

Answer 29

contralateral neglect limbs aren't theirs -only dress one side body

Question 30

right PCA or MCA

Answer 30

can cause damage to right parietal lobe area

Question 31

hemi-neglect

Answer 31

with patient with damage to right parietal lobe only draw right half of image -neglect left visual world

Question 32

praxis

Answer 32

performance of skilled motor task

Question 33

apraxia

Answer 33

loss of previously learned skill no incoordination no comprehension deficit not associated with motor or sensory deficit no loss of motivation

Question 34

disease of left parietal lobe damage

Answer 34

apraxia

Question 35

cause of apraxia

Answer 35

disease of left parietal lobe or break in connection to frontal cortex

Question 36

agnosia

Answer 36

lack of knowledge -lack of meaning/identity deficit in recognition of well perceived object

Question 37

prosobagnosia

Answer 37

inability to recognize faces

Question 38

bilateral occipitotemporal lesions

Answer 38

agnosia

Question 39

parietal lobe lesion

Answer 39

agnosia

Question 40

motion bilndness

Answer 40

movement appears frozen

Question 41

color blindness

Answer 41

occipitotemporal

Question 42

grey matter

Answer 42

all external

Question 43

white matter

Answer 43

internal

Question 44

why vascular superficial

Answer 44

because thats where cell bodies are - grey patter

Question 45

grey matter

Answer 45

subcortical grey basal nuclei diencephalon

Question 46

fold in grey matter

Answer 46

more surface area | more cell bodies

Question 47

archicortex

Answer 47

3 layers | -hippocampus

Question 48

paleocortex

Answer 48

3 + layers | -olfactory cortex

Question 49

neocortex

Answer 49

6 layers

Question 50

most neurons in neocortex

Answer 50

pyramidal glutamatergic output of cerebral cortex

Question 51

granule cells

Answer 51

GABAergic interneurons in cortex

Question 52

layers of neocortex

Answer 52

``` 1 - molecular 2 - external granular 3 - external pyramidal 4 internal granular 5 internal pyramidal 6 multiform layer ```

Question 53

molecular layer

Answer 53

is most superficial

Question 54

granular layers

Answer 54

receive information

Question 55

pyramidal layers

Answer 55

send info - projections

Question 56

motor cortex

Answer 56

lots of pyramidal layers | 3 and 5

Question 57

sensory cortex

Answer 57

lots of granular layers | especially 4

Question 58

differences in neocortex cell types?

Answer 58

used to map brodmanns areas

Question 59

white matter

Answer 59

projection, association, commissural fibers

Question 60

projection fibers

Answer 60

from pyramidal fibers - form corona radiata - comes together as internal capsule

Question 61

corona radiata

Answer 61

forms internal capsule

Question 62

internal capsule forms

Answer 62

cerebarl peduncles

Question 63

anterior limb internal capsule

Answer 63

corticopontine fibers

Question 64

posterior limb internal capsule

Answer 64

somatosensation body and head | motor to body

Question 65

in genu

Answer 65

corticobulbar | -to brainstem LMN and UMNs in brainstem

Question 66

association fibers

Answer 66

stay within a hemisphere connect ipsilateral cortical areas short - gyri long - lobes

Question 67

commisural fibers

Answer 67

cross midline corpus callosum anterior commisure