Cerebral Cortex Flashcards

(67 cards)

1
Q

insula

A

part of frontal lobe

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2
Q

brodmanns areas

A

based on cytoarchitecture

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3
Q

broadmans area 3, 1, 2

A

primary somatosensory cortex

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4
Q

brocas area

A

in left hemisphere frontal lobe

language production

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5
Q

wernickes area

A

in left hemisphere parietal lobe

language comprehension

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6
Q

hippocampus

A

temporal lobe

memory formation

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7
Q

occipital lobe

A

vision

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8
Q

primary visual cortex

A

BA 17

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9
Q

meaning of sensory input

A

multimodal association area

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10
Q

aware of sensory input

A

modality specific assocation area

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11
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

motivation

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12
Q

premotor and supplementary motor cortices

A

motor plan

-put action into an order

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13
Q

primary motor cortex

A

carry out action

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14
Q

left hemisphere

A

dominant

-language

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15
Q

right hemisphere

A

non-dominant

emotion/linguistic content of language

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16
Q

prosody

A

rhythmic or musical aspect of speech

-in right cerebral hemisphere

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17
Q

wernickes area location

A

parts of angular and supramarginal gyrus

BA 22, 40, 39

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18
Q

brocas area

A

parts of pars triangularis and pars opercularis

BA 44, 45

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19
Q

speech comprehension

A

wernickes area

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20
Q

speech production

A

brocas area

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21
Q

aphasia

A

disturbance in language

-include reading and writing

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22
Q

receptive aphasia

A

damage to wernickes area

have fluent speech, but don’t make sense

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23
Q

expressive aphasia

A

damage to brocas area

comprehension okay, but can’t express themselves

often use single words

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24
Q

inferior frontal gyrus

A

production of prosody

motor aprosodia

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25
posterior temporoparietal region
comprehension of prosody sensory aprosia
26
motor aprosodia
inability to convey emotion through voice or gesture damage to inferior frontal gyrus
27
sensory aprosodia
inability to comprehend emotional content of speech or gesture damage to temporoparietal region
28
right parietal lobe
spatial attention parietal eye area monitors eye position and visual objects
29
damage of right parietal lobe
contralateral neglect limbs aren't theirs -only dress one side body
30
right PCA or MCA
can cause damage to right parietal lobe area
31
hemi-neglect
with patient with damage to right parietal lobe only draw right half of image -neglect left visual world
32
praxis
performance of skilled motor task
33
apraxia
loss of previously learned skill no incoordination no comprehension deficit not associated with motor or sensory deficit no loss of motivation
34
disease of left parietal lobe damage
apraxia
35
cause of apraxia
disease of left parietal lobe or break in connection to frontal cortex
36
agnosia
lack of knowledge -lack of meaning/identity deficit in recognition of well perceived object
37
prosobagnosia
inability to recognize faces
38
bilateral occipitotemporal lesions
agnosia
39
parietal lobe lesion
agnosia
40
motion bilndness
movement appears frozen
41
color blindness
occipitotemporal
42
grey matter
all external
43
white matter
internal
44
why vascular superficial
because thats where cell bodies are - grey patter
45
grey matter
subcortical grey basal nuclei diencephalon
46
fold in grey matter
more surface area | more cell bodies
47
archicortex
3 layers | -hippocampus
48
paleocortex
3 + layers | -olfactory cortex
49
neocortex
6 layers
50
most neurons in neocortex
pyramidal glutamatergic output of cerebral cortex
51
granule cells
GABAergic interneurons in cortex
52
layers of neocortex
``` 1 - molecular 2 - external granular 3 - external pyramidal 4 internal granular 5 internal pyramidal 6 multiform layer ```
53
molecular layer
is most superficial
54
granular layers
receive information
55
pyramidal layers
send info - projections
56
motor cortex
lots of pyramidal layers | 3 and 5
57
sensory cortex
lots of granular layers | especially 4
58
differences in neocortex cell types?
used to map brodmanns areas
59
white matter
projection, association, commissural fibers
60
projection fibers
from pyramidal fibers - form corona radiata - comes together as internal capsule
61
corona radiata
forms internal capsule
62
internal capsule forms
cerebarl peduncles
63
anterior limb internal capsule
corticopontine fibers
64
posterior limb internal capsule
somatosensation body and head | motor to body
65
in genu
corticobulbar | -to brainstem LMN and UMNs in brainstem
66
association fibers
stay within a hemisphere connect ipsilateral cortical areas short - gyri long - lobes
67
commisural fibers
cross midline corpus callosum anterior commisure