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Neuro Final > Autonomic Pharmacology DSA > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology DSA Flashcards

1
Q

acetylcholine

A

NT of PS

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2
Q

NT for all preganglionic autonomics?

A

ACh to nicotonic receptors

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3
Q

postganglionic PS NT?

A

ACh on muscarinic

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4
Q

sympathetics to sweat gland NT

A

ACh to muscarinic

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5
Q

NT to somatic skeletal muscle?

A

ACh - to nicotinic

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6
Q

sympathetic NT to renal vascular smooth muscle

A

dopamine to D1 receptors

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7
Q

sympathetic to cardiac and smoth muscle, gland cells, and nerve terminals NT?

A

NE to alpha and beta receptors

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8
Q

norepinephrine

A

NT of sympathetics

catecholamine

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9
Q

epinephrine

A

synthesis in adrenal medulla

catecholamine

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10
Q

at adrenal medulla?

A

ACh binds nicotinic

-triggers release of 80% E, 20% NE

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11
Q

dopamine

A

precursor to NE and E
-synthesized in cytoplasm

acts on renal vascular smooth m**

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12
Q

synthesis of ACh

A

choline into neuron - depends on Na cotransport

ChAT - choline acetyltransferase

  • combining acetyl CoA with choline
  • to synaptic vesicle
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13
Q

release of ACh

A

AP triggers Ca influx

-Ca induces SNARE protein fusion with membrane - VAMP and SNAP

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14
Q

activation of nAChR

A

enhances ACh release

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15
Q

activation of mAChR

A

inhibits ACh release

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16
Q

acetylcholinesterase

A

breakdown of ACh - in synaptic cleft

-acetate and choline

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17
Q

nAChR location

A

all ganglia - PS and S

adrenal medulla - S

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18
Q

mAChR location

A

smooth and cardiac muscle
gland cells
nerve terminals

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19
Q

nAChR

A

ligand gated
-allow passage of Na

+ nicotine and ACh

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20
Q

mAChR

A

GPCRs
five subtypes
-

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21
Q

M2 and M3

A

mAChR subtype in smooth muscle

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22
Q

M2

A

mAChR subtype in cardiac muscle

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23
Q

catecholamines

A

NE, E, dopamine

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24
Q

major hormone of adrenal medulla

A

E

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25
synthesis of catecholamines
tyrosine > dopa > dopamine > NE > E
26
VMAT-2
transports dopamine, NE, E, and serotonin across vesicle membrane
27
reserpine
inhibits VMAT-2 | -leads to depletion of catecholamines from sympathetic nerve endings
28
responses to catecholamines
``` contraction glycogenolysis gluconeogenesis relaxation increased force and reate of cardiac muscle ```
29
termination of catecholamine signaling
- NET and DAT reuptake - dilution - metabolism - MAO and COMT
30
MAO
outer surface of mitochondria
31
COMT
cytoplasmic | -associated in liver
32
cotransmitters
in same vesicle
33
inhibit release of sympathetic NT?
``` M2 and M4 serotonin PGE2 histamine enkephaline DA alpha-2 receptors ```
34
enhance release of sympathetic NT?
beta-2 receptors angiotensin II nAChR
35
alpha 1 receptor activation
muscle contraction - smooth muscle of vascular - cardiac muscle
36
alpha 1 in gut?
activation leads to Ca | -hyperpolarization and muscle relaxation
37
alpha 2 receptor activation
vascular smooth m contraction decreased insulin decreased NE release
38
potency of agonists for alpha receptors
E > NE > isoproterenol
39
phenylephrine
activates alpha 1
40
clonidine
activates alpha 2
41
beta receptor mechanism
adenylyl cyclase | -incrased cAMP
42
beta 1 receptors
myocardium - increased rate and force of heart contraction - also increase AV nodal conduction velocity
43
beta 2 receptors
smooth muscle | -vascular bronchial, GU, GI smooth muscle relaxation
44
beta 3 receptors
adipose tissue | -lipolysis
45
decreased insulin secretion
alpha 2 | -pancreatic islet beta cells
46
aggregation of platelets
alpha 2
47
decreased release of NE
alpha 2
48
increased renin secretion
beta 1 | juxtaglomerular cells
49
dobutamine
activates beta 1
50
D1 receptors
renal smooth muscles -dilation dopamine activation
51
high concentration of dopamine
activate alpha-1 and beta-1 | -increased heart rate and general vascular vasoconstriction
52
contraction of radial muscle of iris
alpha 1 mydriasis - dilation
53
contraction of sphincter muscle of iris
M3, M2 miosis - constriction
54
secretion of lacrimal gland
stronger M3,M2 activation PS
55
increased heart rate and contractility
beta 1 > beta 2
56
decreased rate of heart rate and contractility
M2 >> M3
57
blood vessels
no PS innervation
58
S to blood vessels
alpha 1, beta 2 vasoconstriction
59
endothelium
M3 - activates NO synthesis
60
tracheal and bronchial relaxation
beta-2
61
trachea and bronchial contraction
M2 = M3
62
decreased stomach motility, secretion and increased sphincter contraction of stomach
alpha 1 alpha 2 beta 1 beta 2 **intestines as well
63
increased stomach motilty and tone increased sphincter relaxation decreased secretion of stomach
M2 M3 **intestines as well
64
gallbladder relaxation
beta 2
65
gallbladder contraction
M
66
decreased renin from kidney
alpha 1
67
increased renin from kidney
beta 1
68
relaxation of bladder detrusor
beta 2
69
contraction of trigone and sphincter
alpha 1
70
contraction of detrusor
M3 > M2
71
relaxation of trigone and sphincter
M3 > M2
72
increased pregnant contraction of uterus
alpha 1
73
ejaculation
alpha 1
74
erection
M3
75
skin contraction and secretion
alpha 1
76
spleen contraction
alpha 1
77
spleen relaxation
beta 2
78
skeletal muscle contraction
beta 2
79
liver glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
alpha 1 and beta 2
80
pancreas beta cells insulin release
alpha 2
81
EDRF
short lived vasodilator for endothelium -aka NO like a PS response -mAChR activation
82
stimuli for EDRF
ACh products of inflammation physical stimuli
83
release of EDRF
ACh activates mAChR -NO produced by endothelial cells NO causes relaxation
84
decreased blood pressure
sympathetic outflow | -renin release from kidney stimulated
85
elevated blood pressure
reduced sympathetic outflow -reduced renin increased parasympathetic outflow
86
baroreceptor reflex
variable monitored - MAP -slow infusion of NE - increase peripheral vascular resistance as a result, increased MAP - causes reflex of carotid sinus and aortic arch (baroreceptor) - which causes decreased sympathetic outflow and increased parasympathetic
87
phenylephrine
increased blood pressure - raises MAP - causes baroreceptor reflex in normal individual
88
histamine
decreased blood pressure - decreased MAP - increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic

Neuro Final (20 decks)

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