Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

cerebellum

A

adjusts output of UMN pathwayscontrol rate, range, and force of ongoing motor movementsmaintenance of stable postureplanning and timing of complex movement

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2
Q

rate, range, and force

A

coordinationof ongoing movements

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3
Q

what cerebellum does NOT do

A

issue motor commands-Dx not chacterized by paresis or paralysisdoes not act in awarenessno loss of conscious sensory function

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4
Q

folia

A

gyri of the cerebellum

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5
Q

vermis

A

medial region of cerebellum

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6
Q

cerebellar hemispheres

A

left and right

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7
Q

primary fissure

A

splits anterior and posterior lobes of cerebellum

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8
Q

lobes

A

anterior/posteriorbest identifed by mid-sagittal view

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9
Q

nodulus

A

viewed anteriorly, part of the vermisattached to two flocculi

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10
Q

flocculonodular lobe

A

nodulus and two flocculi

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11
Q

tonsil

A

viewed anteriorly, below the noduluscan be moved to foramen magnum with increased ICP

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12
Q

blood supply of cerebellum

A

superior cerebellar arteriesanterior inferior cerebellar arteriesposterior inferior cerebellar arteries

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13
Q

cerebellar peduncles

A

inferior - inputmiddle - inputsuperior - outputall medially

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14
Q

inferior peduncles

A

cerebellar input-spinocerebellar tracts-vestibular input and from olive

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15
Q

middle peduncles

A

ALL input-pontocerebellar fibers

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16
Q

superior peduncles

A

cerebellar output

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17
Q

cell bodies of cerebellum

A

externally

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18
Q

arbor vitae

A

white matter to and from cerebellar cortex–looks like tree

19
Q

outer cerebellar cortex

A

lots of cell processes-inner cerebellar cortex - cell bodies

20
Q

molecular layer

A

outer cerebellar cortex

21
Q

purkinje neurons

A

make up purkinje cell layer-one cell thick, nice line-huge dendritic trees-huge cell bodydeep to molecular layerabove granule cell layer

22
Q

granule cell layer

A

just above the arbor vitae

23
Q

cerebellar hemispheres control

A

ipsilateral body

24
Q

brodmans areas 4 and 6 and 8

A

equivalent to primary, supplementary, and premotor cortices

25
3 division of cerebellum
named according to afferent sourcevestibulocerebellum
26
vestibulocerebellum
input - from vestibular apparatus and nucleito flocculonodular nodeoutput - fastigial nucleus
27
flocculonodular node
vestibulocerebellum-receive from vestibular apparatus and nucleicoordinate proximal muscles, maintain body posture, coordinate eye movements
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fastigial nucleus
output of vestibulocerebellum
29
targets of fastigial
vestibular and reticular nucleiinvolved in vestibulocerebellum
30
cerebrocerebellum
input - cerebrum areas 4, 6-from pontine nuclei, decussates to contralateral cerebellummost of lateral hemispheres of cerebellumplanning, timing, initiation of complex movements - piano and baseball
31
dentate nucleus
nucleus of cerebrocerebellum
32
targets of cerebrocerebellum
thalamus back to cortex
33
spinocerebellum
to the vermis and paravermal regionsmoothness, accuracy, coordination of voluntary movements-rate, range, force of voluntary movements"comparator"
34
afferents to spinocerebellum
proprioception-same as DCML-unconscious4 tracts from cord-A/P spinocerebellar tracts (lower limb)-rostral spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar (upper limb)also muscles of mastication - trigeminocerebellar tract
35
spinocerebellum
influence upper motor systemslateral - LCST and rubrospinalmedial - vestibulospinal and reticulospinal
36
lateral influence
by paravermal regions of cerebellar cortex-damage to paravermal regions - deficits in distal limb musculature
37
medial influence
by vermis of cerebellar cortex-damage to vermis - axial muscles-deficit in postural muscles
38
damage to vermis
wide base stance
39
damage to paravermal region
change in rate, range, force of distal limb musculature
40
cerebellar lesions
ipsilateral motor ataxia-uncoordinated movementdysmetriaintention tremor (different from parkinsons) - occurs WITH voluntary movementdysdiadochokinesia
41
midline lesions
unsteady gaittruncal swayuncoordinated eye movementwide based stance
42
lateral lesions
ataxia of limbspast pointingdysdiadochokinesia
43
alcohol
impacts cerebellum-slows these things down-mimics cerebellar lesions