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History Russia - Stuart Beck > Centralisation, Terror & Oppression > Flashcards

Centralisation, Terror & Oppression Flashcards

1
Q

When and why did the Red Terror begin

A

Attempted assassination of Lenin on 30th August 1918

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2
Q

When was the Tsar executed

A

17 July 1918

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3
Q

What was the official record of deaths at the hand of the Cheka

A

13,000

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4
Q

What is the estimated number of deaths at the hand of the Cheka

A

500,000

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5
Q

What percentage of prisoners in Moscow were children in 1920

A

5%

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6
Q

How many uprising did the Cheka claim occurred in Feb 1921

A

118

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7
Q

What was the state of Russia in 1921

A

Transport system collapsing
Factories couldn’t get resources
Low grain production - famine
Disease (Typhus, Cholera, Influenza)

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8
Q

When was the Tambov uprising

A

Aug 1920 - June 1921

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9
Q

Who led the Tambov uprising

A

Alexander Antonov

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10
Q

Who was the leader of the Cheka

A

Felix Dzerzhinsky

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11
Q

When was pre-publication censorship introduced

A

1922

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12
Q

How many Mensheviks were arrested in 1921

A

5000

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13
Q

When did the Cheka become the GPU

A

1922

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14
Q

How many SR leaders were held at show trials and how many of them were exectued

A

34 tried
11 of them killed

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15
Q

Villages that supported the Bolsheviks were rewarded with what?

A

Salt for food preservation

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16
Q

What group was established in 1921 to oppose the church

A

Union of the militant godless

17
Q

When was the Politburo formed

A

1919

18
Q

In 1919 how did the composition of Soviets change

A

Leaders now appointed by central committee rather than elected by members

19
Q

What are the key factors that allowed for centralisation

A

Civil War
Collapse of Industry
Peasant oppression
Rail nationalisation

20
Q

When was the ban on factionalism agreed upon

A

1921 - 10th party congress

21
Q

What was the penalty for factionalism

A

Expulsion from the party

22
Q

Which factions were disliked by Lenin

A

Workers’ Opposition
Democratic Centralists

23
Q

What was the Nomenklatura (1923)

A

A list of 5500 party and governmental jobs, that were to be appointed

24
Q

How did the constitution describe the USSR

A

“a dictatorship of the urban and rural proletariat”

25
Q

When was the Federal USSR system set up

A

1922

26
Q

How many died in the Great Grain famine 1921

A

5 Million

27
Q

How much were bread rations cut by in January 1921

A

By a 1/3

28
Q

When was martial law imposed in Moscow and Petrograd to suppress worker opposition

A

Jan 1921

29
Q

What did Trotsky call the Kronstadt sailors in 1917

A

The ‘Pride and Glory’ of the revolution

30
Q

How did Lenin describe the Kronstadt rebellion

A

A White Plot

31
Q

How many were killed in the Kronstadt rebellion

A

10,000 rebels killed in battle
2,500 executed by Cheka

History Russia - Stuart Beck (21 decks)

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